ABSTRACT
This research work is based on the
impact of conflict management on employees' in the public sector using P.H.C.N
as a case study.
The objectives of the research work
is to identify the causes and consequences of conflicts, and also examine that
effectives conflict management can bring about harmonious and peaceful co-existence
among various interest groups in the work place with particular
reference to P.HC.N.
The methodology adopted in this study
was survey research design. The primary and secondary data were used, such as
text book, journal and questionnaire. The various tools that were used are
statistic distribution method of table percentage and Chi-square to test for
the hypothesis.
The findings revealed that conflict
in an organization can affect he employee's performance either positively or
negatively.
The recommendation for this study was
that it is important for their management in the P.H.C.N to sponsor a detailed research
into the cause of both junior and management staff should always be given
motivational incentives in order to carry out their duties as expected of them.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of
content
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of Study
1.1 Statement of Problem
1.2 Research Objective
1.3 Research Questions
1.4 Research Hypothesis
1.5 Scope of the Study
1.6 Relevance of the Study
1.7 Chapterization
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
1.9 History of Power Holding Company of Nigeria
(PHCN)
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Types of Conflict
2.2 Conflict Management in an Organization
2.3 Theories of Conflict in Industrial
Relations
2.4 Workers Performance in an Organization
2.5 Measurement of Worker Performance
2.6 Causes and Effect of Industrial Conflict
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Data Sources
3.3 Restatement of Research Hypothesis
3.4 Restatement of Research Questions
3.5 Population of Study
3.6 Sample Size and Sampling Procedure
3.7 Data Collection Procedures
3.8 Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Data Presentation
4.2 Data Analysis
4.3 Test of Hypothesis
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION
AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendation
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Suggestion for further Research Purpose
Bibliography
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
Conflict is inevitable. The dominant
rum of management is to maximize profits, while labour's main concern is to
secure and maintain the highest level of wages with the best
condition". Obisi (1996) argued
that despite this fact, peace forms one of the fundamental factors to enhance productivity
with .resultant benefit both to labour and management as well as for the
economic development of the country. It will not be out of place therefore, to
consider conflict as an inevitable and desirable factor in the work place.
Conflict could be viewed as a
situation of competition in which the parties are aware of the incomparability
of potential future position in which each party wishes to occupy a position
that is incompatible with the wishes of the other.
Oxford Dictionary. (2000) sees
conflict as a situation in which people, group or countries are involved in a
serious disagreement or argument.
Since industrial relations basically
rums at the relationship among various actors in the workplace, it then becomes
necessary to examine the causes and effects of conflict and to provide insights
into how such relationship could be adequately performed.
Programmed or non programmed
decision, a programmed decision follows standard operating procedures. There is
no need to explore alternatives solutions because the optimal solution has been
identified and documented in the past. In contrast, new, complex, or
ill-defined problems require non programmed decisions. In these cases, decision makers must search
for alternatives and possibly develop a unique solution. As problems reappear,
however, programmed decision routine are formed. In this respect, programmed
decisions drive out non programmed decisions because we strive for predicable,
routine situation. Conflict could arise because of the employee quest to
maximize profit while workers representatives are out to ensure continuous
improved condition of living for their member. Conflict could also arise as a
result of failure to honour agreed items on collective bargaining.
Damachi (1999), emphasized that if
those workers rights and employee prerogative are trampled upon, could also
cause conflict. These include pay condition of service, etc.
Indirect participation is used to refer to those forms of participation where
representatives or delegates to the main body of employees participate in a
variety of ways in the decision making process within the organization. Indirect
forms, such as joint consultation, widening the content of collective
bargaining and worker; are associated with the boarder's notion of ‘industrial
democracy' (Barman et., 1976; Bullock, 1977).
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Poor motivation of workers reduces
their output, and this results in low profit to the organization. Employees are
also being affected.in the area of poor interpersonal relationship, loss of
payment, and dismissal from employment or eventual loss of life and time
constraint. The effect of such problem is like ill winds that blow nobody any
good and it affects organizational performance. All organization stakeholders
are usually affected.
Industrial conflict have the potency
of social disorder; instability and mass unemployment could affect the
government's ability to fulfill it's obligation to the citizenry.
Otobo (1987) writing on effects of
strikes and lockouts examined resultant effects of industrial conflict at three
levels namely psychological, political and economic. In all, every party to
industrial action is affected. The need for an effective conflict management to
ameliorate the problems emanating from conflict and assist organization in
their struggle for the attainment of corporate objective cannot be
over-emphasized. The 'industrial relation climate in power holding company of
Nigeria (PHCN) will be the focus on this study.
1.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this research
study is to identify and assess the effect of conflict management on employee
performance in the public sector the specific objectives are to
a) Identify
the causes and consequences of conflicts
b) Examine the method by which conflict can
be prevented from degenerating into strikes and lockout of the employee
c)
Examine the relevance of conflict
management on employee performance
d) Examine how effective conflict management
can bring about harmonious and peaceful co-existence among various interest
groups in the work place with particular reference to PHCN.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study will attempt to proffer
answer to the question as exhaustively as possible.
1. What is the impact of conflict management
on employee performance in Power Holding Company of Nigeria?
2. To what extent does conflicts management
system have an effect on reduction in labour turnover?
3. To what extent does conflict management
system influence employee commitment in an organization?
4. What type of conflict management method
would minimize workers loss of interest on the job?
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Hi:
The conflict management system adopted by PHCN affects employee performance
in the company
Ho:
The conflict management system adopted
by PHCN does not affect employee performance.
Hi:
The conflict management system
influence employee commitment in an organization
Ho: Conflict management system does not influence
employee performance in an organization.
Hi:
The conflict management system will
minimize workers loss of interest in the job
Ho:
The conflict management system will not
minimize workers loss of interest on the job.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study will attempt to examine the
conflict management situation in Power Holding Company of Nigeria. There will
be a general review of the theoretical foundation of the study and the
historical background of PHCN will also be analyzed.
1.6 RELEVANCE OF THE STUDY
The important of an organization to
achieve stated objectives depends on the quality of its workforce. It is
therefore necessary to examine· the impact of conflict management system on
employee performance in the public sector.
The study is relevant and important
because of the impression on both workers and management of a public
organization usually have that "this is a government work" and as
such anything goes. Now that the economy is embracing more of economic
deregulation and Power Holding Company has been commercialized, it is
imperative to study how conflict is being handled now. It is hoped that the result
of this study would be a reference
point for other erstwhile public enterprises now commercialized or privatized
to know how to handle conflict in their organizations so that their main
objective of being in business will not be jeopardized. The study will also add
to the existing literatures in the field.
1.7 HISTORY OF
POWER HOLDING COMPANY OF NIGERIA (PHCN)
Power Holding Company of Nigeria
(PHCN) is a government aimed business organization set up by Decree with the
aim of maximizing public welfare. Service .usually provided by PHCN is
essential. To ensure even distribution of facilities and social service, the
government establishes NEPA. NEPA helps to control private monopoly of power
and also helps to combat the unhealthy rural urban drift of the population.
The Power Holding Company of Nigeria
(PHCN) was established by the Decree 24 of 1st April,
1972 with the amalgamation of Electricity Cooperation of Nigeria (ECN) and
Niger Dams Authority (NBA). PHCN was therefore empowered to maintain an
efficient coordinates and economic system of electricity supply-to all the
nooks and crannies of the nation.
It started with a humble but steady
beginning with only four major power stations namely: Ijora, Delta, A Fam
Turmal Power Stations and Kanji Dam Hydro Power Station servicing more than two
million customers nationwide. This propelled the nation's technological and industrial growth.
PHCN has become the fastest and biggest electricity industry in Africa and
indeed with developing world with a customer population of about five million.
The table below is a comparative status of the electricity supply systems from
the inception of PH CN of the electricity
supply systems since 1972 and 1997.
Conflict management therefore, could be taken as the indispensable tools or
method by which disagreement are resolve if and when they arise. This is very
important and could be considered as an art as it has the potency of including
or reducing industrial crisis.
1.8 CHAPTERIZATION
Chapter one: Introduction, Historical
Background, statement of problem, objective of study, significance of study,
.research questions, methodology, and relevance of the study.
Chapter two: Literature Review
Chapter three: Research methodology
Chapter four: Data Analysis and
interpretation
Chapter five: Summary and conclusion.
1.9 OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION OF TERMS
CONFLICT:
Conflict could be defined as an inevitable, struggle and fight, argument or
opposition among individuals or groups of people, organization or government
for continued improved condition of living or survival.
MANAGEMENT: The act or skill of dealing with a situation that needs
to be controlled in some way.
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT: Methods, art or style of handling conflict. Usually
by experts in industrial relations field human resource managers.
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS: Relationship, which exist between the workers
employers and government for the furtherance .of peace, employees satisfaction
and organizational growth.
EMPLOYEE
PERFORMANCE
The process of employee performance
should provide employee
with the opportunity to influence and
wherever possible take part in decision making on matters which affect their
working lives.
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