FOREIGN AIDS AS AN INSTRUMENT OF SUBJUGATION IN AFRICA NIGERIA AS A CASE STUDY

CHAPTER ONE  

 INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The practice of rendering a helping hand between less privileged and the privileged is both morally and religiously accepted. As such, when nations of advanced economy chooses to offer a helping hand in form of foreign aids to the underdeveloped nations with the aim of eradicating poverty and for economic growth and development, it is ordinarily an appreciated development. Foreign aids are gamut of assistance rendered to relief the less developed nation of the much needed financial and material resources to cope with the demanding standard of living of world best acceptability.

However, the onus of this research work is to know the intention of the ­donor and the altruism of the practices, accordingly "over the past 60 years at least $1 trillion of development related aid has been transferred from rich countries to Africa." Yet real capital per income today is lower than what it was in the 1970s and more than 50% of the population of over 350 million people lives on less than a dollar a day, a figure that has nearly doubled in two decades.

Again in 2005, just weeks ahead of a G8 conference that had Africa at top of its agenda, the Interactional Monetary Fund published a report entitled "Aid Will Not Lift Growth in Africa". The report cautioned that governments, donors and campaigners should be more modest in their claim that increased aid will solve Africans problems. Despite such comment no serious efforts have been made to wean Africa off this debilitating drug.

Further to the foregoing, the call for doubling of foreign Aids to Africa by G-8 leader is only a continuation of such series of historical call, from economist Walt Rostov and John F. Kennedy in 1960 to economist Jeffrey Sachs and Tony Blair in 2005, Walt Rostov motivated by acceleration of cold war, called for doubling foreign Aids in 1960. World Bank President Me Namara called for doubling aid with the end of cold war in 1990. World Bank President Walfensohn called for doubling aid with the beginning of terrorist war in 2001. The corroboration so far has thus indicated a persistent to end poverty in Africa as well as enhance growth and development in Africa.

The question thus has in what transferred between the donor and the recipient that this envisaged end to poverty and commitment to growth and development has eluded the nations of Africa.

Is it that there is no sincerely of purpose: on attempt to put Africa in perpetual state of dependency on the part of the donors or that the recipient does not make meaningful use of the resources and by way of corrupt practices? As a result of whichever, Africans rather than been taken from shackles of poverty and expected growth and development has become poorer and development has become poorer and devastated, and lack basic conditions to engender growth and development.

The above observation becomes clearer in the following positions on the altruism of donors of Foreign Aids to the African Nations.

When in an attempt by the Western Countries to undermine the culture, tradition and belief of Nigeria people in the recent pressure to sign "one sex marriage" into law, the Western Countries of Britain and United State specifically threatened to withdraw Foreign Aids and assistance to Nigeria. However, the Nigeria populace opinion as represented by the senate President David mark said any Country that refuses aid to Nigeria because of passage of bill against same sex marriage should keep it. Other parliamentarians on the bill affirm Nigeria resolve to keep her culture, tradition and belief intact regardless of refusal to Foreign Aids by any nation.

From the various positions as enumerated above, it is obvious that huge sum and forms of foreign Aid and assistance, has flow to Africa, it is equally obvious that these huge resources has not in any way have a meaningful impact on the lives of the people of Africa but to become poorer, lost the direction of growth and development, loss of control of their resources and in many cases their political independent and sovereignty has been sacrifice for its economic independence before the altar of donor community.

It is thus safe to infer that Foreign Aid is used as an instrument of debt to lure poor nations into merciless economic subjugation.

1.2    OBJECTIVES

·                To show with research evidence if Foreign Aids IS required for Nigeria Development.

·                 To show fit has assisted / aided the growth and development on Nigeria.

·                 To establish the necessity of Foreign Aids.

·                 To inform on the necessity of foreign Aid to Africa growth and development.

·                     To bring information on the sincerity of purpose concerning Foreign Aid flow to less development Nations.

·                     To ascertain how Foreign Aid has been used as an instrument to subjugate the less developed nations and denied them of self - reliance and direction.

·                     If the flow of Foreign Aid to less developed Countries is actually required.

1.3     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Despite the age long flow of foreign Aids to Africa, the continent IS precipitated by poverty, diseases, lack of development etc.

That foreign Aid have not solve African's problem

That Foreign Aid has added to African's problem and made them dependent.

1.4     SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY

·                   It shall bring to knowledge, the required information regarding Foreign Aids flow to Nigeria.

·                 It shall reveal the implication of Foreign Aids on the social, economic and political lives of the people.

·                 It shall add to general body of knowledge in the field of Foreign Aid study.

·                  Information provided shall serve as guide to policy - makers on the request management and the implication of Foreign Aid to less development Country.

1.5     SCOPE OF STUDY

The study shall be limited to Foreign aid flow to Nigeria and its attending implications.

1.6     RESEARCH METHODOGY

It is a deductive study that will use secondary data e.g. Newspapers, Journals, textbooks etc.

1.7     DEFINITION OF TERMS

Concept as used in the research study shall be defined such as: Foreign Aids: Money etc. given by one Country to another in need.

For the purpose of this study money, material resources, debt relief, medical assistance, military assistance, technical assistance, military assistance given to a Country or given by a donor Country to a recipient Country usually the development (donor) and the less developed (recipient).

Subjugation: To gain control over to overcome or defeat. In this study it pretends that Foreign Aid is used as a means to put Africa under perpetual control of the advance nations of the West, by giving Foreign Aid and attaching conditionality.

Instrument: a person used and controlled by another person or organization often without being aware of it. Here in the study Foreign Aid is a pseudo device used to put Africa under perpetual control to put Africa under perpetual control.

Donor: Those who contribute money good etc. to help other Countries. In this context it connotes various financial and material assistance or aid given its agencies to the less develop Countries.

Recipient: a person who receives for this purpose, reference in being made to less developed Countries who receives financial material resources from the developed World.

Dependency: a Country governed or controlled by another Country. Here the control measure is Foreign Aid, since political independence has been obtained by the less developed countries.

Panacea: an answer or cure for all diseases or troubles. It is use in this regard to presume that foreign Aid can solve African development problems and poverty.

Developed: having a highly organized economy and political system. Here, it refers to the donor countries that possess the foregoing qualities that enable them assist the less developed.

Underdeveloped: not having achieved a high level of economic development. The case here is the less developed countries that are considered to be in need in such the recipient.

Debt: a sum of money owned to somebody.

Relief: Food, money, medical supplies etc. given to people in need e.g. in a disaster area.

Grant: a sum of money given by an organization especially by a government for a particular purpose. It meant in this research work, amount of money or sum of money given by donor community to assist /. Finance a particular project.

Funds: Financial resources, money: it connotes sum of sum of money in­flow from donor community to assist less developed countries.

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