DESIGN AND PRODUCTION OF CEILING BOARD USING PLASTER OF PARIS (P.O.P) GYPSUM MATERIAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1     LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0     RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES

3.0     SCOPE OF THE STUDY

4.0     JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY

5.0   METHODOLOGY

5.1     OBTAINMENT OF THE MATERIALS

5.2     TOOLS USED FOR THE PROJECT ARE ENUMERATED THUS:-

5.3     MOULD’S PREPARATION

5.4     PREPARATION OF SEPARATOR

5.5     MIXING OF THE AGGREGATE

5.6     CASTING

5.7     DETACHING OF THE MOULD

5.8     ABSORPTION OF WATER TEST

5.9     FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST

6.0     RESULT AND DISCUSSION

7.0     CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

7.1     CONCLUSION

7.2     RECOMMENDATION

1.0     INTRODUCTION

          This project deals with the design and production of ceiling board using Plaster of Paris [POP] gypsum materials. Plaster of Paris [POP] is a white powdery mixture of gypsum. It has been named such because the first deposit of gypsum was found in Paris. This powder when mixed with water solidifies, but without losing its volume. During manufacturing process, the gypsum is heated and as such, it does not necessarily require any high heat treatment like ceramics and clays [Worrall 1999]. Because of its property to harden with just water, it is used in a number of areas, but most notably for molding decorative objects.

          According to Cornelis and Hurlbut (1985), plaster results from the calcinations of gypsum (CaS0₄.2H₂0), which partially dehydrates to produce a hemi-hydrate (CaS0₄.¹/₂H₂O). Although plaster of Paris a widely used today: its origin dated 9,000 years old and were found in Amotolia and Syria. It is also know fact those 5000 years ago, the Egyptians burnt gypsum in open-air fire, then crushed it into powder and finally mixed with water to make jointing material for the blocks of monuments, used model of plaster taken directly from the human body.

1.1     LITERATURE REVIEW

Plaster is one of the oldest known synthetic building materials: it was used by the Egyptians at least 4000 years ago in the construction of the pyramids, and the Greeks were producing decorative plaster work by 500 BC. The chemistry of the conversion of gypsum to plaster was also investigated early on by chemists such as Le Chatelier (1850 - 1936) and van’t Hoff (1852 - 1911).

Plaster is made by heating gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) powder, thus converting it to calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CaSO4.½H2O). The hemihydrate is also known as stucco or Plaster of Paris. Probably so named because of the very large deposit of pure gypsum found beneath Paris. When water is added to the stucco, the material rehydrates to give a solid mass of gypsum. This rehydration is accompanied by an increase in temperature and a slight expansion of the plaster, causing the gypsum to perfectly fill a mould.

2.0     RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES

          The aim of this project is to design and produce ceiling board using Plaster of Paris (POP) gypsum materials.

          The objectives of the study are highlighted below:

v   To produce durable light weight building material for ceiling

v   To determine the strength of the ceiling board

v   To determine its durability.

v   To determine the volume and density of the ceiling board.

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