ABSTRACT
This
project is aimed at knowing
the role of Electoral
commission in enchasing
development of democracy in Nigeria (A case study
Imo State Independent electoral
commission Owerri).This
project is my modest
Contribution to the already
existing knowledge about the
role of Electoral Commission
in Enchasing Development
of democracy in
Nigeria. The project is
divided into five chapters
for the purpose
of effective research
work chapter one consist
of the introduction,
statement of problem, Objectives of the study ,
significance of the study
and limitation of
study and definition of
terms. Chapter two outlines review
of related literature and reference
the Oretical frame work /hypothesis. Chapter three consist of
research design and
methodology, Area of study, population, source of data and
the data used
in writhing this project is a
secondary data and was
generated through questionnaires,
the total number
administered is one hundred
and twenty questionnaires twelve(12) were wrongly, filled, twenty eight (80) were returned.
Chapter four consist
of the data
presentation and analysis
and the statistical method used is
Chi-square, the research
findings was discovered that responses from 4:1 were of
the opinion that there is need
for electoral process for the
survival of democracy in Nigeria. While chapter five
consist of the summary, conclusion, Bibliography,
Recommendations which stages that
there is need
for electoral process for
the survival of democracy
and in Nigeria research
questionnaire and questionnaire
format instructor.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
----------------------------------------------i
Certification---------------------------------------------ii
Dedication
-----------------------------------------------iii
Acknowledgement
---------------------------------------iii-v
Abstract
-------------------------------------------------vi
Table of content----------------------------------------vii-x
Chapter one
1.0
back ground of the
study-----------------------------1-3
1.1
statement of
problem-----------------------------3.4
1.2
objective
of study--------------------------------4-5
1.3
scopes of study and in limitation ----------------5-6
1.4
limitation
of study-------------------------------6-7
1.5
significance of
study------------------------------7-8
1.6
Theoretical
framework---------------------------8-9
1.7
Statement of
hypothesis-----------------------9-10
1.8
Operational
definition of terms --------------11-10
CHAPTER
TWO
2.0 Literature review
----------------------------12-13
2.1 functions of electoral commission
--------14-15
2.2 purpose of
electoral-------------------------15-21
2.3 features of free and fair elections
---------21-22
2.4 factors affecting free and fair election
in Nigeria-------23-25
2.5 problems of the electoral
commission------25-26
2.6 election and sustenance of
democracy----26-28
2.7 How to achieve or enhance the development
of true democracy in Nigeria------------------------28-29
2.8 problems of gubernatorial and civil
society in Nigeria
gubernatorial-----------------------------29-32
2.9 An assessment of the 2007 gubernatorial
and state house of assemble election -----------------32-39
Reference
-----------------------------------------------40
CHAPTER
THREE
3.0 Research design and methodology -------41
3.1
research design-------------------------------41
3.2 area of study
---------------------------------41
3.3 sample and sample
procedure---------------42-43
3.4 sampling
procedure---------------------------43
3.5 instrument for data
collection--------------44-46
3.6 reliability of the instrument
----------------44-46
3.7 methods of data collection secondary data
-----47
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Data
presentation and
analysis-------------48
4.1 question No6 and
analysis--------------------49
4.2 analysis of question
No8---------------------50-51
4.3 analysis of question No9-----------------------51
4.4 Testing of
hypothesis--------------------------52
4.5 Test
of hypothesis
4.6 Test of hypothesis
i-----------------------52-56
4.7 Test of
hypothesis ii----------------------56-59
4.8 discussions of findings--------------------62-64
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0
Summary---------------------------------------65
5.1
conclusions---------------------------------66-67
5.2
recommendations---------------------------68
Questionnaire----------------------------------69-72
BIOBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 BACKGROUND
OF STUDY
In every democratic system, the electorates elect those
who will represent their interest at the
government level and
chart the course for their
socio-economic development.
Election are therefore used as vital instrument to elect those who would be
in authority and champion the course and welfare
of the citizenry as well as
promoting peace and stability in
the state.
In Nigeria, the independent national
electoral commission (INEC) was set up in 1998 major general Abdusalam Abubaka
who succeeded the them head of state
major general Sani Abuacha
who died mysteriously prior
to Abuchas exit, he had in place
an election that will usher un the democratically elected government
in 1st October 1998.
However,
after his death, the Abubaka’s regime cognizance
of the role of electoral
commission dissolved the NECON
and set-up –the independent National Election commission (INEC) charge
to organize and ensure an effective election and smooth transition
of power military government
respectably thus , to ensure holistic conduct of the elections, state independent electoral commissions were set
upon or establish
in all the emergence of Imo State Independent Electoral
Commission (IMOSIEC) which had the same statutory function
as that of INEC
to ensure a peaceful, free and
fair conduct of
both state, local government
and counsel election in Imo State.
Therefore,
for a deeper and all an
compassing knowledge of the role
of electoral, electoral commission in enhancing the development of democracy in
Nigeria,
IMSIEC was considered as a case study in view of the fact that it constitutes
an integral part of independent national electoral commission.
However
the staff of IMSEC, who were one
hundred and twenty (120) and the
general public who were
one fifty two (52) in number
through random selection constitution the population for this research exercise.
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
There had been clear ion calls from people in
Nigeria
on the haphazard manner and pattern in
which electoral commission handled elections in the past result
often leads to corruption
of violence and subsequent cost
of valuable life’s and property.
In addition, the problems of
electoral mal-practical, rigging, ballot
box and paper hijack
among the rank
and file of the assumed
independence electoral commission officials, which
remorsefully in must case, erupt crises there by destabilizing
the policy. Further more, the issue
of late arrive of and in adequate
electoral materials in
most polling centre as well as
inaccurate voters list which sometimes
disfranchise eligible registered
electorates from exercising their
civil responsibilities. Most
importantly non- neutrality of the electoral commission constitutes remorse fully
another major problem.
It is uncontestable that the
various electoral commission we have
in the past have in way or the other
being unduly influence by some
political stalwarts in declaring a falsified result in favor of candidates
who would have lost the election. Additionally, it commission knowledge
that he who pays the piper,
dictate the time, therefore, there is
every possibilities that induces
influence by the ruling party will definitely affect the
statutory performance of the independence electoral commission.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY.
Aware of the fact that the peace and stability of a given polity cannot be handled with kid glove approach, the need to involved
an effective and efficient functional machinery of transition of power from one
democratically elected government to another becomes unquestionable imperative.
In the light of the above this research seeks to pursue the following
objective.
(1)
Assess the
performance of the electoral commission
in Nigeria
especially, the independent national electoral commission (INEC)
(2)
To examine the role,
functions and activities of the electoral commission in and stability of the
nation.
(3)
To analyze the
problems, hindrances obstacle and lapses of the electoral commission.
(4)
To examine the
feature of free and fair election in Nigeria.
(5)
To identify the
problems military against the conduct of free and fair elections in Nigeria
using Imo State independent electoral commission as a case study.
1.3
SCOPE OF THE STUDY IN LIMITATION
This research work was limited to Imo state alone
the dimension of this study will not exceed the use of questionnaires and
personal interviews through request for relevant materials and available
document from the chainman the researcher. However, amidst these constraints,
the researcher was able to make progress with the available resource at hand
given the limited time frame.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The significance of study cannot be over emphasized. This
researcher work in therefore significant in the following areas.
(1)
It is significant to
the following areas. Federation of Nigeria as some of them will be
informed by its revelation.
The negative role some of them play in
securing power.
(2)
It will serve as an
eye-opener to the electorates who will be exposed to some vital issues beyond
their imagination.
(3)
It will also be
significant to the politicians who allow their selfish interest to come to bear
on the collective interest of the people in Nigeria
(4)
It will serve as a
moral boaster to the official of the independent national and state electoral
commission on the vital role that play in enhancing democracy in Nigeria.
(5)
It is significant for
students who would to research further on the course under discussion.
(6)
It will equally expose
the research on some vital issue affecting the stability of the country.
1.5
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
It is understandable of the fact that the ways election
are organized for leaders to emerge as the ensure forms of politics. Therefore,
this research work is backed up by the Car/Max theory and the western liberal theory the Marxist concept of
polities was concerned with society. Individual and the economy. It was based
on production reproduction and sustenance of the material existence of any
society.
Therefore, the Marxist sees politics as a struggle or
contest for the control of the economic and social institution, the state, the
out come of this consists in the division of society into two antagonistic
class the bourgeoisies and proletariat.
In he another
development, the western liberal theory conceives politics as all those human
activities that are directed towards and indeed reflected in the process of
acquiring using and maintaining governmental power. Max webs is one of the
profounder of this theory from the above
theorist, it is pertinent to point out that the way people perceive power
determines their role in influencing the electoral process just to secure
power.
1.6
STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis were formulated by the researcher to enable him verify the
validity of his claim on the issue on ground.
Note Ho: Represents null hypothesis
Hi:
Represent alternative hypothesis stated below are the hypothesis formulated by
the researcher.
Hypothesis i
H0: The electoral process as applied in Nigeria do not
significantly political interest of the electorates.
Hi: The electoral processes as applied in Nigeria
significantly promote. Political interest of the electorates.
Hypothesis ii
H0: The electoral process as applied in Nigeria do not
significantly encourage the activities of ethnic militias.
Hi: Electoral processes as applied in Nigeria
significantly promote the activities of the ethnic militias.
Hypothesis iii
H0: The electoral processes as applied in Nigeria do not
significantly enhance nation building.
Hi: The electoral processes in Nigeria significantly enhance
nation building.
1.7
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
(1)
INEC: Independent
national electoral commission.
(2)
IMSIEC: Imo State
Independent electoral commission.
(3)
ELECTORATE:
The people in a country who have the right do vote.
(4)
ELECTION:
the process of choosing a person or group of person for leadership position.
(5)
VOTE: choice made by a
participant in a shared decision.
(6)
Democracy: A
system of government whereby the people elect those who are to represent at
both the federal, State. Local government level.
(7)
DEVELOPMENT:
The gradual improvement of the and socio-economic condition of a given society.
(8)
FRANCHISE:
Right to vote or right of an individual to vote candidates.
(9)
POLITICS: The
organization and administration of the state.
(10)
POLITICIANS:
people who play politics.
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