ABSTRACT
Every
organization be it profit or non-profit oriented engage in one activity or the
other. And they have goals and objectives to attain.
Attaining these goals depends to a large
extension certain factor as planning organizing directing and controlling but
these is one factor that integrate all these functions to ensure smooth
wheeling organization activities, it is communication according to Daniel Katz and Robbert L. Kahn
can be described as the exchange of information and the transmission of meaning
communication is the important of a social system in an organization. The
essence of a good communication in an organization will be examined thoroughly
with the aim of establishing the place of communication in an organization,
describing the flow of communication, if possible barriers of important
communication and proffering guides and techniques to improve communication in
all establishment, but with a particular reference to (kwara state polytechnic
Ilorin) communication can not be over emphasized in improving management
effectiveness. Business require information about price, competition, technology,
finance customer, suppliers to stockholder, regulations of government and the
community of residence.
To ensure an incisive examinations
theoretical models such as interaction model that discuss the sender, receiver,
channel, encoding and decoding, noise and feedback. The one way models were
discussed with illustration to facilitate the process of communication between
the sender and the receiver. The supervisor could be the sender and
subordinate, the receiver or vice-versa. Organization
established formal communications system when they set – up structural
relationship while informal communication is also created by member of the
organization and exist with formal system.
While communication flows from the
people at higher level to the employees at cower level in downward
communication. it flows from the subordinate to supervisors and continues to
organizational by heiracrhy in upward communication. Leteral or same level of
cross wise communication exchange information between personnel in one division
and personnel of equal, lower and superior status is another division.
The media for these messages could be
written and non-verbal communication. And the method of communication are
telephone telex writing etc. others that are informal are grapevine. rumour for
any meaningful and effective communication to take, there certain barriers that
need to be avoided. These barriers may come from the sender, then receiver or
the environment in which communication take place. Some of these barrier
include flittering clarified assumption etc. to ensure effective communication
however, there are several approaches that can be used to improve communication
policies, network and activities. In conclusion all the recommendation given in
this research work can hell in the growth, the development and help solve the
lingering problem associated with communication it carefully examined and
implemented.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledges iv-v
Table
of contents vi-vii
Proposal viii-x
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction 1
1.1
Aims and objectives of the study 2
1.2
Statement of the study 3
1.3
Significance of the study 5
1.4
Scope and limitation of the study 5
1.5
Plan of the study 6
1.6
Definition of term 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature Review 10
2.1
Purpose of communication 11
2.2
Theory of communication 13
2.3
Types of communication 14
2.4
Barkers to effective communication 18
CHAPTER THREE
3.1
Research methodology 32
3.2
Importance of communication 36
3.3
Organizational chat 39
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Data presentation 40
4.1
Data analysis 46
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0
Summary of findings 53
5.1
Conclusion 55
5.2
Recommendation 56
Appendix 59
Questionnaire 60
References 62
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
There
is no organization that does not involve in one management activities or the
other management functions are performed in a duty today basis either in profit
or non profit making organization. But all these activities can not be
efficient and effective in the absence of communication.
It is true that communication applies to
all places of managing, it is particularly like that person responsible for directing the
whole affair of the industry both human and material resources. He has to use a
good communication so that all activities would be harmoniously co-ordinated
towards the right direction.
Communication can make or mar an
organization, it can determine the failure or success of an organization for an
organization to be successfully operate. There is need for an effective
communication between the superior and the subordinate on one hand and
organization and it environment on the other hand. By so doing every one would
know his or her responsibilities and its offer.
Communication could be inform of giving instructions,
receiving information, exchanging ideas, announcing plans or strategies,
company actual announcing plans or strategies comparing actual result against
standards, laying down rules job description and organizational manuals.
There is a great need by all plays in an
organization to have a better understanding of communication so as to avoid
certain barriers that may hinder successful communication in organization.
1.1 AIMS
AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This
project work addresses the issue of communication it relevance to the society
and how it can be effectively used to enhance the level of productivity in
kwara state polytechnic. The aims includes.
i.
Expanciates on what communication means
in totality.
ii.
To explain how it can be used to advance
development in kwara state polytechnic.
iii.
This project work will also be useful to
other institution on how they can make communication an effective tools toward
in institution development.
iv.
Student and researchers in the field of
communication will find it resourceful or as paper work which can be made as a
mini-library when needed and lastly.
v.
It will also be useful for the state and
the country as a whole.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF THE STUDY
Many
organization do not find it easy to control those management activities as a
result of the lapses that exist in the communication that might have been
adopted in running of the organization in the realization of the impact of
communication in an organization success, this research work will discuss the
objective highlighted below:
i.
To describe two model of communication
in an organization process.
ii.
To describe the flow of communication in
an institution, i.e. the verbal and non-verbal formal and informal
communication
iii.
To describe the place of communication
in an institution
iv.
To identify the barriers to effective
communication to also discuss breakdown in communication
v.
Finally, to suggest workable approaches,
guideline and techniques to improve communication.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
Many
student, manager and worker does not appreciate the impact of communication,
probably out of ignorance. This research work will illuminate on the place of
communication in an organization. The expected role of individual staff and
manger will be discussed in detail. And effort will be made to stress the role
of communication in an organization success.
1.4 SCOPE
AND PROBLEM OF THE STUDY
This
project will limit its research effort to an educational institution and
organization known as kwara state polytechnic ilorin. This is highly essential in order to
have full understanding about
communication establishment. The research work will enhance the communication
activities in different faculty and department.
It will also limit itself within the
staff and student in the institution, ranging from the Rector to Dens of
various institute. HOD, lecturer to the none teaching staff and student.
1.5 DEFINITION
OF TERMS
1.
Superior:
Is
the boss or manager who directs the affairs of other in the realization of
objective.
2.
Subordinate:
subordinates
take instruction from the superior, the subordinate is subjected to the
superior.
3.
Communication:
The transfer of information from one person to another which is understandable
by both the sender and the receiver.
4.
Inter
personal communication: Communication that take place
within an individual. No second person is involved, everything is done by the
individual.
5.
Feedback:
This
is the response of the receiver to the message which is in-unsent to the
sources.
6.
Encoding:
This is the process of converting a sender idea into symbols word that
compromise the message.
7.
Noise:
It
is an interference that keep the message from being clear or understand.
8.
Medium:
This
simply means the charnel through or communicating.
9.
Grapevine:
This involve the internal line of communication within an organization and
usually incomplete, inaccurate and facts penetrating. Through it can be put to
effective use, but are mostly taken to avoid its negation affect.
10.
Environments:
This refers to all the conditions circumstances and influences surrounding that
are affecting communication in an organization.
1.6 PLAN
OF THE STUDY
This project work stems on communication
as an important tool for the development of an institution. This study is
basically divided into five (5) chapters.
CHAPTER ONE: Takes
on the introduction of the subject matter. If consists of the super
significance and definition of terms of the study.
CHAPTER TWO: This
is the literature review this entails the works that had been done on this
particular topic which wad done by other researchers.
CHAPTER THREE: Will
talk about the Methodist that the researcher adopted in getting necessary
materials or information that will facilitate the success of the research work.
CHAPTER FOUR: Explain
how the researcher was able to analysis and present the data he got for his
work while the chapter:
CHAPTER FIVE: Brings
everything to conclusion the researcher does his summary and give necessary
recommendation where needed.
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