TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Scope of the study
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Concept of premarital sex
Causes and Influence of Premarital Sex
Peer Group Pressure/Influence
Curiosity
Factors that has Increases the Acceptance
Promotion of the Use of Condom (Safe Sex)
Male Permissive Attitude towards Premarital Sex
Media Influence on Society
Consequences of Premarital Sex
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Transmission
Other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Induced Abortion
School Drop Out
Summary of Review of Related Literature
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Design of Study
Population of Study
Sample and Sampling Technique
Instrumentation
Validity of the Instrument
Reliability of the Instrument
Administration of Instrument
Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION
Research questions
Analysis of Data
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendations
APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the
study
Over the years
and all through history it has been observed that opposite sex attracts, that
is, man to woman, young boys to young girls, male child to female parent
(Oedipus complex) and female child to male parent (Electra complex). This
attraction could be for sexual
gratification, sense of identity or a feeling of belonging.
Literatures have shown that these two parties (male and female) have always had
a strong connection that is beyond the ordinary. Something, someone or an idea
has drawn them together.
Premarital sex is
generally used in reference to individuals who are presumed not yet of
marriageable age, or between adults who will presumably marry eventually, but
who are engaged in sexual activity prior to marriage (Lucas, 2000, Ramesh, 2008
and Barbra et al, 2001).
Public opinion polls have consistently shown that premarital
sex is wrong and dangerous to health resulting in abortions, teenage mothers
and sexually transmitted infections (Aaron, 2006; Finer, 2007). Premarital sex
is sex before marriage and it is generally found among the youth. It involves
fornication, rape, defilement and incest. The causes behind it have been
established including curiosity among the youth, proof of manhood, lust,
pornography and it adverse effects, insanity and sex promiscuity as well
as moral decadence among the youths
(Choe et al, 2004).
Premarital sex
is perceived and seen as a taboo in many cultures and considered a sin against
man and God in most religion, it has become more commonly accepted by large
portions of populaces in developed countries within the last few decades. The
rise in premarital sex in Africa has resulted from a sexual revolution that
came with western culture (Scott, 2005). A 2014 pew study on global morality
found that premarital sex was considered particularly unacceptable in
“predominantly Muslim nations” such as Indonesia, Jordan, Pakistan and Egypt,
each having over 90% disapproval, whilst many people within western European
nations were the most accepting with Spain, Germany and France having less than
10% disapproval.
According to a
2001 UNICEF survey, in 10 out of 12 developed nations with available data, more
than two thirds of young people have had sexual intercourse while still in
their teens. In Denmark, Finland,
Germany,
Iceland, Norway, The United Kingdom and The United States, approximately 25% of
15years old an 50% of 17year olds have had sex. This goes a long way to prove
that even before the students gains admission into the University a hand fill
of then are already familiar with the experience of sexual intercourse an so
the trends to continue even at the University level.
Worldwide,
rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among the youth are soaring;
one-third of the 340million new STDs each year occur in people under 25 years
of age (Fernandez et al, 2010). There are many behavioral problems among the
adolescents that Nigerian society today has to contend with. Such problems
include truancy, disobedience, drug offences, assault, insult, stealing,
violent demonstrations, Vandalism, examination malpractice, robbery and secret
cult activities (Nnanchi, 2003). Apart from these widely publicized behavioral
problems, heterosexual activities are listed among types of behavioral problem
prevalent in Nigerian secondary schools. These are variously named in the
literature as sex abuse, sex offences, sexual misconduct, sexual immorality,
sexual promiscuity, and sexual maladjustment (Odoemelamelam, 1996, Adedipe,
2000, Ndu, 2000; Nnachi, 2003). When this individuals graduates from their
secondary school they do not only graduate with learned behavior and new
ideology which they bring in to the University to explore their new gained
freedom.
Sexual
intercourse from observation and from the reports and witness of people who
engage in them attest to the fact that it is highly pleasurable, both during
and after the act, and as such an average person would be attracted to
activities that induce pleasure. People engage in premarital sex, in this case
University undergraduates for several reasons whether out of curiosity, for
pleasure sake or a feeling of achievement etc. The case of premarital sex among
undergraduate student of the University of Benin one can say has been on the
increase and is gradually becoming a part of the norm in our society and the
University communities. In one occasion in my Faculty just outside the entrance
I witness a girl and a boy obviously not married kissing and smooching for a
long period of time in the dark. Here and there within an outside the
University Campus, cases of students caught engaging in sexual intercourse has
been reported among undergraduate students in some locations of peculiar
features. A roommate of mine attest to an incident where him and his friends
caught some students in the act around the dark corners in his faculty, one
thing lead to the other and the case got to the security department University
of Benin.
According to
Abdullahi and Umar (2008), “Sexual behavior among the students in our
University is speculatively very rampant and worrisome. In this contest it is
important to understand why youth engage in risky sexual behavior and to
understand the influencing factors for the behavior. When the Dean, students’
affairs of the University of Maiduguri whose responsibility is to regulate the
conduct of students issued a circular to checkmate sex activities amongst
students, the students felt that neither the deanery nor the university
authority had jurisdiction over their sex life. The students, who live in
congested rooms and study in a difficult academic environment, were angry, not
for the lack of facilities in the halls of residence or in the teaching areas,
but with the interference of the university management with their personal life
(Their Activities). In the night of Monday, 28
January, 2002 the students went on demonstration during
which the Dean of student affair was beaten and sand thrown on him.
From the
above, one can see that matters pertaining to sex and sex activities are held
dearly by students, even when other aspects of their health an even their
future is threatened. They would rather fight for “their personal life”. Taking
out time to meditate on why in this present time the issue of sex has become an
issue of grave concern, one would observe that the media has somehow succeeded
in creating in our subconscious, pictures of sex, sexual feeling and sexual
arousal. Careful observation would reveal the fact that on almost all
television station you turn to there is either a beautiful damsel who is half
naked intentionally showing off her cleavage, the size of her breast or her hip
just to get your attention to a particular product or service. This is also the
case for the opposite sex who would flaunt his muscle and “six pack” just to
sell underwear’s. Access to the internet (which is actually a great thing) have
heightened this issue of sexual feeling and arousal most especially among
undergraduates who at the click of every link is beckoned to subscribe to a
porn site or watch a pornographic video, or hookup. Newspaper, Magazines and
other book materials are not left out in this jingle of sex and sexual
activities. All of which strengthens and empowers the individual to engage in
premarital sex, where everything around an individual preaches the pleasure of
sex and a desire to gratify ones id.
A look at all
the facts and speculation that has been built around premarital sex among
individuals in the society at large and among undergraduate students of the
University of Benin in particular, one can conclude that it is a matter that
needs to be addressed and causes carefully assessed to get better understanding
or insight into these causes and possibly provide alternative activities or
suggestions that can help address this issue for the benefit of the individual,
the university community and the nation at large.
Statement of the
problem
This research
work is designed to assess the cause of premarital sex among undergraduate
students of the University of Benin. From my own personal observation, a walk
and a careful survey of the environs of the university community one would find
packs of already used condoms littering the ground, even though it is not that
rampant. It could be possible that these packs was used as instructional
materials or for the primary purpose for which it was made.
Students lives
in community, where they meet people from different background and as such they
are exposed to peer influence and a desire to meet up with certain standard.
All of this and more can lead to premarital sex which culminates in various
problem such as unwanted pregnancy, exposure to sexually transmitted
infections, poor academic performance, school dropout and a host of others.
All of these
problems associated with premarital sex are preventable or at least the effect
on a large majority of students can be reduced to the barest minimum. Accessing
the causes can help us better understand ways to prevent and checkmate the
occurrence of premarital sex among undergraduate students of the University of
Benin.
Premarital sex, pose a great threat to the future of the
numerous naive students admitted yearly into the university and also to the
name of the school, because if this act increase various consequences will
inevitably follow and it can grow into becoming a part of the culture among the
students, taking a cue from “arrowing” which means to throw abusive words on
passerby from the flyover just to have fun and make them feel embarrassed. From
this one can see that there is need to carefully assess the causes of
premarital sex among undergraduate students of the
University of Benin.
Research questions
In a view to reaching a meaningful and an objective
result/conclusion the following questions were drawn to guide the research
work.
1.
Does peer group influence contribute to the occurrence
of premarital sex?
2. Do
financial gains influence premarital sex?
3. Does
curiosity have any effect on premarital sex?
4. Do
the media influence the occurrence of premarital sex?
Purpose of the study
The purpose of this research work is the
assessment of the causes of premarital sex among undergraduate students of the
University of Benin. The effect of premarital sex and possible suggestions for
preventing or curbing this menace.
This research
work will help school authorities to Identify measures to be put in place that
will help to curb the incidence of premarital sex among undergraduate students.
If this study
is properly utilized, it can help the school authority and the public in
general on better approach to teaching sex and sex education.
Significance of the
study
The conclusion
reached and the result gotten from this research will provide additional
knowledge to past research findings already done on premarital sex, provide the
University of Benin with an arsenal of knowledge about the causes of premarital
sex in her institute and also would be very beneficial to the numerous student
admitted yearly to be better equipped against the pressure and occurrence of
premarital sex among undergraduates.
This study
will help to identify how peer influence contributes to premarital sex, the
influence of financial gains on premarital sex, how curiosity or desire to
experiment affects student’s decisions to engage in sexual intercourse before
marriage.
Finally the
results of this study can be used to strategize for better alternatives on
educating the students on sex, and how to go about the unavoidable pressure
associated with sex in the university community.
Scope of the study
This research study is
focused on the prestigious federal university of Benin located in Egor local
government of Edo State, Nigeria. The research shall be carried out using a
descriptive survey research design. This study is focus on the causes of
premarital sex among undergraduate students with the students of university of
Benin
as the main
respondents.
Click “DOWNLOAD NOW” below to get the complete Projects
FOR QUICK HELP CHAT WITH US NOW!
+(234) 0814 780 1594
Login To Comment