ABSTRACT
This research work is on the national
directorate of employment and unemployment problem in Imo state.
The
research work reviewed that before the creation of the National directorate of
employment (NDE) in the state in 1986. There had been a very high rate of
unemployment. The body NDE was establish to help correct the imbalance between
the employed and the unemployed in the state. Many writers traced the various
problems that had occurred because of unemployment and many steps to solutions
were also treated.
Unemployment
was reviewed under global unemployment trends, unemployment in Nigeria,
government policies towards unemployment and the national directorate of
employment (NDE). From the analysis of findings, the researcher was able to
observed that the N.D.E. contributes immensely on the reduction of unemployment
in Imo state by creating job opportunities for the young secondary school
leavers and university graduates.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
Title
page
Approval
page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table
of content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1
Background of the study
1.2
Statement of problems
1.3
Objective of the study
1.4
Research questions
1.5
Significance of the study
1.6
Scope of the study
1.7
Limitation of the study
1.8
Definition of the concepts and terms
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review
2.1 Global unemployment
tend
2.2 Unemployment in Nigeria
2.3 Government policies towards unemployment
2.4 Unemployment defined
2.5 Types of unemployment
2.6 Cause of unemployment
2.7 Preventing unemployment
2.8 National directorate of employment
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research design and methodology
3.1 Population and sample size
3.2 Sample techniques
3.3 Sources/method of data collection
3.4 Validity and reliability of measuring
measurement
3.5 Method of data analysis
3.6 Research design
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Presentation and analysis of data
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Presentation of data
4.3 Analysis of data
4.4 Test of hypothesis
4.5 Interpretation of result
Chapter five
5.0 Summary, conclusion and recommendations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendations
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF STUDY
Before the present administration came
into the affairs of the state, unemployment
has acquired the notorious status of one of the problem which requires
solution by the government.
The
problem became compounded in the second half of the 1970s when the government
of the day enlarged the presence of unemployment in the society by employment
on massive retrenchment exercise (NDE 1992).
That was why the former president of
Nigerian, General Ibrahim Badamosi Babaginda’s administration is his
administration transition programme tries to address this issue in the concept
of mass mobilization for economic recovery self reliance and social justice
(MAMSER).
For the fact that the federal government
beefed up the federal ministry of labour or international labour organization
(ILO) to include among other. He national directorate of employment shows that
they have prepared themselves to tackle the
unemployment issue.
The
directorates has their primary functions as creating job for the jobless who
are willing to do the job. The main concern here is to explore the efforts of
Imo state government in fighting this unemployment issues in our country
through the national directorate of employment.
The national directorate of employment
(NDE) philosophy is the creation of self employment with emphasis one self
reliance and entrepreneurship under their four core programme which were
initiate to extricate our youths from the unemployment queue and to reoriented
the paid employment to self employment.
Lately,
the NDE operation underwent fundamental redirection which is meant to enable
shake off, the opportunities and some other unserious applicants, for instance
a strategic review it training programme shows that most of the trainces were
more interested in the N50 monthly stippened to them than in acquiring useful
skills.
Hence,
the NDE abolish this stippened payment
in 1991. The saving accruing thereby are now invested in training programmes
and also to provide take off support for dutiful trainces at the end of the
training period. In certain urban areas of Imo state the educated youths tends
to congregate, the rate unemployment was especially high, running to over 40%
also in the rural areas of Imo state, the unemployment rate was not less
because the youths and gradates were the highest hit in this. With growing
joblessness among the youth there was also a growing dependency rate to the
side of the parents.
The
ex-president Babangida in his 1991 budget speech directed the directors body to
change with the establishment and to concentrated its efforts, on the
reactivation of public works, promotion of direct labour and self employment
organization of artisan into cooperative
societies and encouragement and of culture of maintenance and report.
For
board of directorate to ensure proper implementation of the directives, they
articulated four practical programmes nationwide, each operation as a separate
department from the other and these are: -
1. National
youth employment and vacation skills development programme.
2. Small
scale industries and graduate employment programmes.
3. Agricultural
sector employment programmes.
4. Special
public work programmes (NDF)
These
programmes are backed by this necessary administrative monitoring and support
personnel, thus enabling optimum use resources are prompt response to the
requirement of the public we serve.
NDE
was designed to utilize valuable mane power resources in carrying out the
necessary public work using labour intensive technological techniques and to
enable the participation obtained short term employment while acquiring new
skills and trade experience. Farmer should develop their resources in such a
way that it would become possible for
the well being of the immediate family in particular and nation in general.
The
fact here is that while the farmers is striving to improve the harvest from his
farms, the government through agencies provides their facilities that would
enable the farmers process and market his products. While one is thinking of
good access road, improved transportation system electricity, and all such
infrastructure that would maximize the uses of the harvested products, a self
reliance engineer would find pride into the field to practice the theories and
formulate what he had acquired in the comfort of air conditioned farming.
Unemployment
could take many forms such as frictional, structural, seasonal and cyclical,
because of this different levels of unemployment, an economy particularly of
market economy cannot be without some level of unemployment for instance
fictional unemployment result where people change jobs though it transient,
within this period the person is switching job he could be classified as
unemployed.
Structural
unemployment occurs when people loose their jobs because of structural changes
in the economy.
On
the other hand seasonal unemployment occurs due to seasonal variation in
weather, this is mainly the feature of agranance economy where activities are
very much affected by seasons while cyclical unemployment result from
fluctuation in economic activities (business cycle) it rises during a boom.
The
effect of unemployment could be macro or micro. Its macro effect include
producing on a very low production possibilities curve, balance of payment
disequilibrium (deficit) as well as include financial hardship to the families
involved, psychological effect (depression) on the individuals and increase in
crime rates such as stealing, association and prostitution.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF PROBLEMS
There
are great number of unemployed youths in the state both school leavers and
university graduates roaming about the streets in search of jobs. Some people
has claimed that the directorates has been able to reduce the rate of
unemployment among graduate and school leavers to 60% from original 80% before
the conception of NDE 1986. In spite of the promises made by the NDE in 1987 to
create technical jobs for Nigerian, which is twenty five years now the rates of
those who have been waiting for the NDE has increased.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
Based
on the above, this study is designed to find out the extent the national
directorate of employment have gone in dealing with unemployment problems in
Imo state since its inception.
Moreover,
it is designed to reveal out some problems confronting and militating against
its operation in Imo state and probably find possible solution to the problem.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
The
following questions are those to be answer in the study: -
1. Has
the NDE solves the problem (unemployment) in Imo state?
2. Do
you think the NDE programme is securing applicants in setting up small business
enterprise in Imo state?
3. Do
you feel that mass retrenchment every day exercise by the government would
increase the problem of unemployment in Nigeria?
4. Do
you think that the NDE is up and doing in using manpower resources available in
Nigeria for the up keep of our society.
5. Do
you think that Imo state in general has benefited from the NDE programme?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This
project is aimed at offering possible solutions to the problem of unemployment
and the problems facing national directorate of employment in Imo State.
1.6 STATEMENT
OF THE STUDY
The
study is delimited to imo state in general and also to participants under
apprenticeship skill and beneficiaries of its loan programmes in particular.
1.7 LIMITATION
OF THE STUDY
The
major constraints while carrying our this research project was finance since it
requires introduction of people and preparing questionnaires of which some
people generally find it difficult to answer to the questions as they though it
is perhaps introducing into their personal affairs and knowing more of their personal view on
certain issues.
1.8 DEFINITION
OF TERM/CONCEPT
For
the purpose of the study, the following term/concept are used:-
i.
NDE: national directorate of employment, they
are charged with the responsibilities among the citizens through its different
programmes.
ii.
ILO: International labour organization, they
body is in charge of workers affaires world wide.
iii.
MAMSER: Mass mobilization for economic
recovery with social welfare of the people of the state in particular and
society in general.
iv.
EMPLOYMENT: This is a situation in which job
seekers have work to do.
v.
UNEMPLOYMENT: A situation which arises when
those who are willing and capable to work do not have any job to do.
vi.
RETRENCHMENT: A general phenomena whereby
people loose their jobs everyday in the society.
vii.
APPLICANTS: A person or groups of people who
make a formal request for a job.
viii.
JOB: This is
work for which one receives regular payment.
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