ABSTRACT
This project was carried out to examine the
factors affecting low ennoblement of female students in Erin-Ile Technical
School in Oyun Local Government Area, Kwara State.
Structured questionnaire was use to collect
data gathered from teachers and female students in Erin-Ile Technical School in
Oyun Local Government Area Kwara State.
It has been observed that the numbers of female students that enrolled
for technical courses in technical education is low compare to their
counterparty. This finding shows that there is lack of motivation and
encouragement from the parents, society, government and religions toward the
enrolment of these students. It was recommended that parents and the society
should allow their daughters to make their own course and government should
provide scholarship for the female students in Technical School. When these
suggestions are considered, there will be improvement in the enrolment of female
students in Technical School.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of content vi
CHARTER ONE
Introduction 1
Background of the study 1-6
Statement of the problem 6-8
Research questions 8
Research Hypotheses 8-9
Purpose of the study 9
Signification of the study 9-10
Scope of the study 10-12
CHAPTER TWO
Review of related literature 13
The aims and objectives of
establishing technical colleges 13-16
Need for guidance and
counselling in technical college 16-20
Strategies for motivating
female students to be enrol 20-23
Appraisal of literature
review 23-24
CHAPTER THREE
Methodology 25
Research design 25
Population 25
Sample of sampling techniques
25-26
Research instrument 26
Validity and Reliability of
the instrument 27
Procedure for data collection
27
Method of data analysis 27-28
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation, analysis of
data and discussion 29
Answering Research Question 29-36
Discussion of Results 36-39
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, conclusion and
recommendation 40
Summary of finding 40-42
Conclusion 42
Recommendation 43-44
References 45-46
Appendix 47-50
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Before the arrival of western education in
Nigeria, in 1842, traditional form of education was in existence in Nigeria
where parents involve their daughters in some trades, which were taught how to
weave, dye cloth, cooking, child rearing and household care to prepare them for
marriage. These forms of rational education were not institutionalized as the
case study.
In Nigeria as early as 1850, British missionaries
in an attempt to propagate the gospel had introduced schools particularly in
Badagry and Abeokuta to teach the three Rs (arithmetic, writing and reading)
primarily so that their convert would understand the Bible.
Fafunwa, A.B. (1974), noted that technical
education had a slow start and developed less quietly than other forms of
education in Nigeria. This was partly due to fall that voluntary agencies
increase or popularize technical education on the same scale as literacy
education. This is one of the reasons why missionary education was non-skilled
based; consequently they develop a poor attitude to skill oriented. Owing to
the concern for the disadvantage position of women and in a bid to correct the
prevailing education imbalance, the Federal Ministry of Education table the
proposal on female education at the emergency meeting of the National Council
of Education (N.C.E) held in Kwara on January 2008. One of the objective is the
provision of more educational opportunities for girls from primary to tertiary
levels.
Makudu in (2005) asserted that women are grossly
under presented in technology education both at the secondary and tertiary
levels. According to him, this can be associated with social cultural as well
as the “self-defeating” attitude of female towards enrolment in such area like
technology education and their choice of career.
In Kwara State, statistics shows that the
enrolment of students into Erin Ile technical school. In 2010/2011 session over
sixteen students were admitted, which no female students were found, in year
2011/2012 session over twenty students were admitted which no female students
found, in 2012/2013 fifteen students was admitted, which no female students was
found till 2015/2016 session which eighteen
students was enroll, which one female student were found. Statistics shows that
the number of female students admitted was too low compared to that of male
students in Erin Ile Technical School.
This also
revealed that the males were more in number than that of female students. It
appears that generally there has been low number of females’ enrolment when
compared to that of male in four consecutive admission years as revealed above.
Thus the essence of present study is to identify the factors affecting low
enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School.
SOCIAL INFLUENCE
According to Longman
dictionary define socialization as the process which people, especially
children are made to have in a way that is acceptable in their society.
Many countries of the
world today needed educational system capable of competently handling very
large student's bodies totaling 1000 or students at a time. Government in both
developed and developing countries no longer have money to build and maintain buildings
for 1000 students a year or if they did, they would not put the money into
educational buildings because of changed in political and development
priorities.
However, social
facilities should be provided such as workshop that is full of different equipment,
good building, electricity and all kind of social facilities in order to
enhance technical school and to increase the enrolment of female students in
technical school.
CULTURAL /TRADITIONAL INFLUENCE
Longman dictionary
defines culture is the ideals, belief and customs that are shared and accepted
by the people in a society. In the olden days, the purpose on earth is to
procreate, which means that as one is begotten so also be beget.
In this respect, the
more wives and children one has, the more fulfilled and worthwhile. A life he
considered to have lived life itself is presumed to have a purpose and man is
bound to find a purpose for his life.
However, lack of
knowledge has affected the large number of female students in technical
education. More so, only the lazy ones are sent to school then, so females are
hard working and they are trained in trading that is why we have low enrolment
of female students in technical schools.
RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE
According to BBC
dictionary religions is a belief in a God or gods and the activities connected
with this belief or a strong belief in a God or gods either Christianically,
Islamically or Traditionally.
Islam is the religion
of the Muslims which teaches that there is only one God and that Mohammed is
the prophet of God. Christianity is a religion based on the teachings of Jesus
Christ and on belief that he is the son of God. Traditionalism is behaviour and
ideas that support old customs and belief rather than moderns ones .also the
customs and belief have existed for a very long time without changing.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The successful planning and implementation of so
many educational programmes came to failure after a short while due to poor
administration and altitude of government towards educational policy, some
ideal programmes collapse after a few periods either because of change in
government or due to non adequate fund to carry on the programme.
The levels of technical education suggested how
effective management activities could be pitched for effective control and
accountability. While we yearn for expansion technical school, we ought to find
means. Sufficient means to equip it and manage it well to help it to survive
and to sustain our desired needs of industrialization and introductory technology.
Thus the essence of this study is to identify the
factors affecting low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School
and the support given to them by government and parent towards the growth and
development of the school in order to reduce the factors facing low enrolment
of female students Erin Ile Technical School.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study intends to find answers to the
following questions.
1. Does social factor affect low enrolment of
female students in Erin Ile Technical School?
2. Does cultural/traditional factor contribute to
low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School?
3. Does Religion factor also encourage low
enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School?
RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
a. There is no significant difference in the
contribution of social factors to the low enrolment of female students in Erin
Ile Technical School.
b. There is no significant difference in the
contribution of cultural/traditional factors to the low enrolment of female
students in Erin Ile Technical School.
c. There is no significant difference in the
contribution of religion factors to the low enrolment of female students in
Erin Ile Technical School.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to identify factors
influencing low enrolment of female student in Erin Ile Technical School in
Oyun Local Government Area, Kwara state.
Specifically in this study the researcher will identify this factor base
on:
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study is to
identify some of the factors that affect enrolment of female students in Erin
Ile Technical School. This study would be of help to the government and to
create awareness on the factors affecting low enrolment of female students in
Erin Ile Technical School and how to encourage them to enrol.
Secondly, this study
would help the home and society to encourage the enrolment of female students
into Technical School. It will also enlighten the females to understand
Technical School is not meant for only males.
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The researcher mainly
focused on these factors influencing low enrolment of female students in Erin
Ile Technical School Oyun Local Government Area Kwara State with particular
reference to Government of Erin Ile Technical School. Those factors influencing
low enrolment of females in Erin Ile Technical School are:
·
Social factor
·
Cultural/traditional factor
·
Religion factor
SOCIAL FACTOR: in a
situation where the school environment is not conducive for teaching and learning in term of social
facilities like, good buildings, Technical equipments, electricity and water
e.t.c. this can easily affect low enrolment of female students in technical
education.
Cultural/tradition
factor Africa people belief in custom and culture to the extend that parent
will not allow their children to marry another citizen and this also affect low
enrolment of female students in Technical education. More so, female will not
be allowed to go school in order not forget or deviate the culture or
traditional of their forefather.
RELIGION FACTOR:
Religion let us to understand that women are weaker than men and man is the
head of family while, males are the ones to work and provide for female. That
is why we will have low number of female in Technical School.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Education: This refers to the act
of imparting knowledge on people either by teaching of observation, initiation
in order to make the recipient useful in the society.
Student: People usually over
age of sixteen years olds who are in post-primary school
Research: Carefully study or
investigation especially in order to discover new facts or information.
Parent: Refer to as a person's
father or mother.
Technology: Is the scientific
knowledge used in practical ways in industry?
Factor: One of the several
things that cause or influences something.
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