ABSTRACT
The status of computer application in
schools is growing with increase in awareness of roles of computer in
education. Many schools now see it as a necessity to introduce computer in
their various departments for the effective and efficient dispensation of their
service.
For the time being teachers find it
difficult to process the results of student within the short range of time
given or available to them which ranges from the day the school examinations
end to the day of vacation. This project is designed to help primary schools in
quick and error free results processing. It meets the various needs of teachers
in results processing as described by some teachers in Minbar-Minds Schools
Lagos
TABLE OF CONTENT
Pages
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of Content vi
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.0
Background of the study 1
1.1
Statement of the problem 1
1.2
Aims and Objectives 2
1.3 Organization of the study 3
1.4 Significance of the study 3
1.5 Scope of the study 4
1.6 Definition of terms 4
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0
Concept
of school management systems in primary schools 6
2.1 School management information systems 7
2.2 Relevance of computer system in data
processing 11
2.3 Problems association with data processing 13
2.4 Formats of result 13
2.5 The features of result processing 14
2.6 Computer systems and result portal
processing 15
2.7 Types of portal processing 16
2.8 The basic features of result processing 17
2.9 Factors determining the methods of result
portal processing 17
2.10 Result portal processing stages 19
2.11 Modes of
result portal processing 19
2.12 Centralised
result processing 21
2.13 Decentralised
result processing 21
2.14 Distributed
result processing system 22
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1
System
analysis 24
3.1.1
Detailed
definition of the problem 25
3.1.2
Feasibilty
of the study 25
3.2
Methods
of data collection 25
3.3 Problem of existing system 25
3.4 System design 25
3.5 Database design 27
3.5.1 Student register database structure 27
3.5.2 Result portal input design 28
3.6 Database specification 28
3.7 Data flow diagram of the present system 29
3.8 Information flow 29
3.9 Program flow chart 30
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN
4.1 System design 31
4.2 Input specification and design 31
4.3 System requirements 31
4.3.1 Hardware requirements 31
4.3.2 Software requirements 32
4.4 Program coding 32
4.4.1 System testing 32
4.5 Application details 34
4.6 Maintenance details 34
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY/RECOMMENDATION/CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary 35
5.2 Recommendation 35
5.3 Conclusion 35
REFERENCE 36
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
A student’s result is the
criteria for the measurement of the student’s capability in terms of academic
work in the school. It is also used to measure a student’s capability in each
subject offered by the student. Without an adequate results processing system,
the aim for which results are produced may not be achieved, because of
slightest mistake made during the process might lead to a very big problem,
which may reduce or eradicate the ability to grade a student from his school
result.
For this reason an
effective, efficient and error free results processing system should be
designed and implemented in our schools for proper running of the schools system.
This project is therefore
embarked upon to design and implement a computerized result processing system
for primary schools using Minbar-Minds Schools as a case study to know the
problems encountered in the manual system and how these problems can be solved.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Personal interview with
some staff of Minbar-Minds Schools revealed that the manual method adopted in
results processing pose some problem, these problems include the following:
1. POOR SECURITY OF DOCUMENTS: Printed documents often get lost at
each point in time some of these documents get eaten by termite and other
insects, some are taken away by intruders while other are easily misplace by
those in charge of it.
Students also may have
access to the result sheet and increase their scores.
2. UNTIMELY PROCESSING RESULTS: The period of time available for
the processing of results makes the job through for teachers. This short period
of time which ranged from the end of the exams to the day of vacation makes
teachers work round the clock to make sure vacation, but most of the times
teachers find it impossible to cope with this short period of time, as a result
of this results are ready sometimes weeks after vacation.
3. PRODUCTION OF INACCURATE RESULTS: Sometimes mistakes are being made by
teachers during the calculation of total scores of a student in a particular
subject, average scores and grades of students this lead to the production of
inaccurate results.
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
All efforts in this
research are geared towards the gathering of sufficient information’s that
would help in making useful suggestions for the alleviation of manual
processing of results in primary schools. Considering the processing speed,
storage and retrieve of information facilities, the computer becomes
indispensable in results processing. The aim and objectives of this project is
to design software which can perform the following.
1. Eradicate the frustration
lost of students’ information after successful registration.
2. Reduce the length of
time spent trying to process students’ results.
1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
This project is organized
in chapters and each treats a particular topic of the project.
Chapter one is the
introductory part of the project showing why undertaken the project. It also
identities the problems encountered in the manual operation, the purpose of the
study, the delimitations and limitations are in deeded. Also the terms relevant
to the project are defined.
Chapter Two is the review
of literature. Chapter three is the design of the study. The methodology of the
research is discussed in this chapter, the source of data and the procedure for
collecting the data is also included.
Chapter four is the
methodology of the system design which is classified into functioned
specification and technical design stage.
Chapter five is the
documentation of the project.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
Research carried out in the primary
schools show that results are still being processed manually. This leads to
various problems which include,
a) Insecurity of results.
b) Duplication of results.
c) Loss of results when files are been
carried from one table to the other.
d) Wrong calculations during computation.
This project will achieve the
following:
i)
Increase
in deficiency
ii)
Easy
detection and correction of errors.
iii)
Reduce
pressure of work on examination officers.
iv)
Makes
computation less labor intensive.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This project work covers
the registration of students and computation of students examination score in
order to process their results.
1.6
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Automation: This
is the use of control system such as computer to control and process data,
reducing the need for human intervention
Database: This
refers to a large store of related data on a computer that can be access and
modified by the user.
Password: This
is a secret code that a user must type into a computer to enable him access it
or its applications. This is made up of numbers, letter, special character or a
combination of any of the above categories.
Record System: The
act of using a computer system to store and update information/data
sequentially in order to keep file security.
Computerized: To
convert a based system to start using a computer system to control, organize
and automate something.
Data Entry:
This is the standard input device through which the system gets more of the
instructions and commands
Research: A
careful study of something, especially to discover new facts or information
about it.
System: Set
of computer component (that is, the assembling of hardware, software and
peripherals to function together.)
Portal: a
central place for making all types of information accessible to an audience of
varying rang.
IMS
(Information Management System) is a database and transaction/record management
system that was first introduced by IBM in 1968. Since then.
Information:
Information (shortened as info or info.) is that which informs, i.e. an answer
to a question, as well as that from which knowledge and data can be derived (as
data represents values attributed to parameters, and knowledge signifies
understanding of real things or abstract concepts)
Information system: A
computer Information System (IS) is a system composed of people and computers
that processes or interprets information. The term is also sometimes used in
more restricted senses to refer to only the software used to run a computerized
database or to refer to only a computer system.
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