ABSTRACT
Streptomycin was used as Corrosion inhibitor in 1M HCl, and was studied using the gravimetric (weight loss) Technique.Local mild steel coupons of the dimensions(3cm× 1.5cm×0.25cm) were used. The studies include effect of inhibitor concentrations, effect of temperature variation and effect of immersion time.The results obtained for varying concentrations (100ppm-500ppm) revealed that the inhibition efficiency increases with increase in concentration of inhibitor. The results for variation in immersion time shows a decrease in efficiency with increase in immersion time, evident from the fact that 24 hours immersion time gave 77.55 % efficiency while 120 hours immersion time had efficiency of 60.55 %. Results obtained from temperature variation shows that efficiency decreased with increase in temperature. Inhibition occurred through adsorption of the streptomycin molecules on the metal surface. The adsorption of streptomycin on Mild Steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ii
CERTIFICATION iii
DEDICATION iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v
ABSTRACT vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Types of corrosion 1
1.2 Streptomycin as a Corrosion Inhibitor 4
1.3 Aim and objectives of the study 6
1.3.1 Aim 6
1.3.2 Objectives 6
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Materials 12
3.2 Reagents/chemicals 12
3.3 Sample Collection 12
3.4 Preparation of Reagents 13
3.4.1 Preparation of 1M HCl 13
3.4.2 Preparation of standard solutions of the streptomycin drug 13
3.5 Corrosion Studies 13
3.6 Data Analysis 14
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION AND RESULT
4.1 Physiochemical parameters 15
4.2 XRF study 15
4.3 corrosion study 15
4.3.1 Effect of inhibitor concentration 15
4.3.2 Effect of immersion time 17
4.3.3 Effect of temperature 17
4.3 Adsorption study 21
4.3.1 Langmuir isotherm 21
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCUSIONS AND REFERRENCE
5.1 Conclusion 23
5.2 Recommendation 23
REFERENCES 24
APPENDIX 26
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Corrosion is the deterioration of a material (metal, ceramic, and polymer) due to an electrochemical reaction with its environment. This reaction can result in the consumption of the material. The most common form of corrosion is metal corrosion, which is the deterioration of metals due to their reaction with oxygen in the air. This reaction can produce a variety of products, including rust, scale, and pits. Mild steel is a type of steel that is commonly used in construction and manufacturing. It is susceptible to corrosion in acidic environments.
Corrosion can have a significant impact on the properties and performance of materials. It can reduce the strength and durability of materials, making them more susceptible to failure. It can also increase the electrical resistance of materials, which can lead to overheating and other problems. There are a number of factors that can contribute to corrosion, including the type of material, the environment in which it is exposed, and the presence of impurities
1.1 Types of corrosion
a. Uniform corrosion: This is the most common type of corrosion and occurs when the metal corrodes evenly over its entire surface. It is often caused by a combination of factors, such as the presence of moisture, oxygen, and salts.
b. Galvanic corrosion: This type of corrosion occurs when two different metals are in contact with each other in the presence of an electrolyte. The more active metal (the anode) corrodes at a faster rate than the less active metal (the cathode).
c. Pitting corrosion: This type of corrosion occurs when small pits form on the surface of the metal. The pits can grow over time and eventually cause the metal to fail. Pitting corrosion is often caused by chloride ions in the environment.
d. Crevice corrosion: This type of corrosion occurs in areas where there is a small gap or crevice between two surfaces. The crevice provides a stagnant environment where the corrosion process can be accelerated.
e. Intergranular corrosion: This type of corrosion occurs at the grain boundaries of the metal. It is often caused by impurities in the metal or by a heat treatment that has caused the grain boundaries to become weakened.
f. Stress corrosion cracking: This type of corrosion occurs when the metal is under stress and is exposed to a corrosive environment. The stress can cause the metal to crack, and the corrosive environment can then cause the crack to propagate.
1.2 Streptomycin as a Corrosion Inhibitor
Corrosion inhibitors are substances that can be added to an environment to reduce the rate of corrosion. Corrosion can be prevented or slowed down by a variety of methods, including the use of protective coatings, the application of cathodic protection, and the selection of corrosion-resistant materials. Corrosion is a complex phenomenon, and there is no single way to prevent it.
Streptomycin is an antibiotic that has been shown to have corrosion inhibiting properties. It works by adsorbing onto the surface of metal, forming a protective layer that prevents the metal from reacting with its environment. Streptomycin has been shown to be effective in inhibiting the corrosion of a variety of metals, including mild steel, aluminum, and copper. It is also effective in a variety of environments, including acids, bases, and seawater. The inhibition efficiency of streptomycin depends on a number of factors, including the concentration of the streptomycin, the type of metal, and the environment. In general, higher concentrations of streptomycin provide better inhibition.
Streptomycin is a relatively safe and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor. It is not toxic to humans or animals, and it does not have any significant environmental impact.
Overall, streptomycin is a promising corrosion inhibitor that has a number of advantages. It is effective, safe, and environmentally friendly. However, it is important to consider the specific application when choosing a corrosion inhibitor, as streptomycin may not be the best choice for all applications. Here are some specific applications of streptomycin as a corrosion inhibitor:
• Protection of metal structures in seawater. Streptomycin has been used to protect metal structures in seawater, such as ships, offshore platforms, and pipelines. It is a particularly effective inhibitor for carbon steel in seawater.
• Protection of metal components in acidic environments. Streptomycin has been used to protect metal components in acidic environments, such as storage tanks, reactors, and heat exchangers. It is a particularly effective inhibitor for stainless steel and copper in acidic solutions.
• Protection of metal components in alkaline environments. Streptomycin has been shown to be effective in alkaline environments, but it is not as effective as in acidic environments. It has been used to protect aluminum and magnesium in alkaline solutions.
1.3 Aim and objectives of the study
1.3.1 Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate the corrosion inhibition properties of streptomycin in acidic medium.
1.3.2 Objectives
The specific objectives of this study are to:
1. Determine the effectiveness of streptomycin inhibitor in the corrosion of mild steel.
2. Investigate the effects of concentration of inhibitor, temperature and immersion time on inhibition efficiency of streptomycin.
3. Establish the mechanism of corrosion inhibition mechanism of streptomycin.
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