ABSTRACT
This research work aims at critically
evaluating the process of production and the extent to which the unskilled
capacity of Nigeria breweries is utilized.
In collecting data for the research two
source of data collection were used. They are primary and secondary data
sources. The primary data were got through personal outer view and observations
while secondary data were collected from Nigerian breweries plc Enugu and other
relevant materials and information centers from the analysis of the data
collected. The following findings were made:
1.
There is problem
with the acquisition of spare parts because of the prohibitive price of foreign
exchange.
2.
Poor maintenance
of frequent machines breakdown. Statistics are not kept on the performance of
the machine.
3.
Inadequate of raw
materials which is one of the factors of the full utilization of the installed
capacity.
4.
Power failure
breakdown on the production process. Despite the installation of 15-maga watts
electric generating plants safeguard against intermittent power supply from
national electric power authority (EEDC). The company still suffers from power
supply problem.
Based
on the above findings the following recommendations were offered after
analyzing
1.
The rate of
breakdown of machinery will prevent the purchase of out model recommendation
of periodic maintenance of machine should be adopted to reduce incidence of
breakdown.
2.
There is high cost
of certain items. It was recommended that the company should be doing an
objective pricing of its goods so that it does not price itself out of the
market.
3.
There is not
enough training and development of stuffs for the proper handling of the
facilities of the production industries it was recommended that enough training
and development of staff should be provided the company. It will enable them to
shift emphasis on keeping track of manufacturing line cost to facilities of
production.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE
i
APPROVAL
PAGE ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
iv
ABSTRACT
v
TABLE OF CONTENT vi
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACK
GROUND OF THE STUDY 2
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3 1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 3
1.4 SCOPE OF
THE STUDY 4
1.5 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS 5
1.6
SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY 5
1.7
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 6
REFERENCE 9
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPT 10 2.2
PRODUCTION PLANNING 12
2.3 PROCESS
PLANNING AND DESIGN 16
2.4 MAJOR
FACTORS AFFECTING PROCESS DECISION DESIGN 19
2.5 CAPACITY
UTILIZATION 30
2.6
PRODUCTION PLANNING AND ACTIVITIES 33
IN NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC
REFERENCE 40
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 RESEARCH
DESIGN 41
3.2 AREA OF
THE STUDY 41
3.3
POPULATION OF THE STUDY 41
3.4 SAMPLE AND
SAMPLING PROCEDURE 42
3.5
INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION 43
3.6
VALIDATION OF THE INSTRUMENT 44
3.7 METHOD
OF DATA COLLECTION 44
3.8 METHOD
OF DATA ANALYSIS 45
REFERENCE 46
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 47
4.2 TESTING
OF HYPOTHESIS 59
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 DISCUSSIONS
OF RESULTS/ FINDINGS 72
5.2 CONCLUSION 73
5.3
IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FINDINGS 73
5.4 RECOMMENDATIONS 74
5.5
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH 75
BIBLIOGRAPHY 77
APPENDICES 79
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The result of the tendency of people to consume is to
increase the capacity of production in the various aspects of human need. There
areas the separation of management from ownership in this production function.
A further development is the growth, organization complexity and size. Thus
large organizations, management is divided into production personnel management
and finance as ideas as marketing. Other specifications are made as
organization need for them arises.
Production management is essential and basic to all
organizations whether it is manufacturing or service. It should be pointed out
that the survivals of organization dependent on how its production processes
are managed. Barry Shord explains operations management in his book thus “any
organization which transforms inputs into output is engaged in production”.
Percentage of capacity utilization measure relates output
measures to inputs.
The brewing industry in Nigeria has passed through a stage of
total importation of foreign products to stage where some beer manufacturing
companies now source their raw materials locally.
BARRY SHORE: Operation management MC Graw Hill- international
company 1985.
1.1
BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria breweries PLC was incorporated first as Nigeria
breweries limited on the commencement of operations in a second brewery in Aba
in 1957. In accordance with the companies and Allied matters Act of 1990.
The name was again changed in Nigeria Breweries plc. Since
the formal incorporated in 1946. 50 momentous years that saw the company grow
from its modest beginnings into the giant company that it is today. The company
now does five (5) breweries from which our highly refreshing quality brands are
distributed to all the nooks and crannies of this great country.
The company of my case study, Nigeria breweries plc has kept
place with the key international developments, thus ensuring that our systems,
processes and operational procedures are always in the vision and
professionalism demonstrates in the way the business has been managed in the
past 50 years.
The company now has a portfolio of five high quality brands,
stars, Guilder, maltina and Amstel drinks and legend extra stout. Together they
have facilitated leadership’s position in the total brewed products markets in
Nigeria. The outstanding quality and consumer franchise complements other
companies and capabilities to set Nigeria breweries apart as the house of
quality the house that star built. Alongside, there a development has been a
corresponding growth in the property of company’s shareholders whose funds have
appreciated into values for excess of their original investment. They have also
had the good fortune of reaping excellent dividends on these blue chips shares
year on year.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
Productivity of this country Nigeria as a matter of fact is
low and as such it is described as a developing economy, in countries have
developed economies. In view of this, there search is set to examine the
following problems;
1.
What
is the extent of the utilization of the installed capacity in Nigeria Breweries
plc?
2.
What
are the resources of raw materials used in the production process in Nigeria
Breweries plc?
3.
What
are the steps in the production process of Nigeria Breweries plc?
4.
How
are the inventories managed in Nigeria Breweries plc and what are the inventory
management policies of the company?
1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The purposes of the research work are as follows;
1.
To
ascertain the extent to which the installed capacity of Nigerian Breweries plc
is utilized.
2.
To
examine how the raw materials used in the production processes are sourced and
sustained.
3.
To
determine the process of production of Nigeria breweries plc.
4.
To
find out how the company of study copes with the management of its industries.
5.
To make recommendations
1.4
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study is based on the Nigeria breweries plc Enugu and our
data will be collected there, therefore the survey will specifically broaden on
planning and controlling techniques and it is hoped that results arrived will
be true of the Nigeria Breweries plc Enugu.
However, controlling system in profit seeking organizations
are highly developed because of clear organization goals or objectives
dominance by professional and difficult in the measurement of standard. As a
resulting budgeted expenditure (standard expenditure) will be used to compare
actual performance (actual expenditure) using the programme planning system and
budget system.
This study like every other human academic quest is faced
with problems of inadequacy of every resource. Taking into account, the
academic standard of the researcher, the scarcity of information and
unavailability of certain sophisticated control system in companies. This work
will discussion only the easier and a standard of a students in the project
writer status.
1.5
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
NULL HYPOTHESIS
Ho: The Company’s process planning and design does not take
by the advice of its technical partners.
ALTERNATIVES
The company’s process planning and design take place by the
advice of its technical partners.
NULL HYPOTHESIS
Ho: The level of product/ services quality is not high
alternatives.
Ho: Capacity utilization is not slightly above average.
ALTERNATIVES
Hi: Capacity utilization is slightly above average
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is to analyse and evaluate the
processes of production and capacity utilization in Nigeria breweries plc as it
seek to achieve a high degree of efficiency production. In a world of dwindling
ventures questions revolving of efficiency of production and factors effecting
its growth tends to attract the increasing interest of economists,
industrialists and statisticians and researchers.
Prior to the attempt to analyse ways and methods by which
efficiency or effectiveness of production are determine by and problems of its
evaluations as mathematically conceived. It is needful to initially give at
least a brief but well-conceived concept applicable to the topic under review.
There are needed many concept of efficiency, the term has
practical significance not only in economics but also in sociology, ecology and
other branches of science, the contents of its study on a particular are of
study.
A research into production and capacity utilization is
necessary because men’s existence on earth cannot be measured with production.
Effective utilization of resources leads to less wastage of resource and
elimination of idle facilities.
The research deems it pertinent and important to carry out an
investigation of the processes of production and capacity utilization because
of the aforementioned importance of production.
1.7
LIMITATION OF STUDY
A study of this magnitude and scope could not be carried out
without encountering problems that tends to hinder the progress of the study or
the volume that would have been covered by the researcher.
These problems range from personnel to environmental
constrains. A look at these problems will only tell so much about our level of
under development.
FINANCE
As a result of serious
constraints of finance, the researcher would have done a critical comparative
study of the firms narrow the study down to Nigerians Breweries plc with its
factory here too. The financial constrains in this regard bordered a little far
away from the base of the researcher.
TIME
Time was another problems encountered by the research so as
he had to be doing the balancing act of missing her lectures so many days in
search of data of Enugu and other places. Nigerian breweries plc been a public
limited company operated between Mondays and Fridays and these are days of
normal lectures go on in the campus. This created a great deal of problems for
the researcher.
Also, in relation to the time constrains, the researcher
sometimes made fulfill moves at getting at the respondents who either
complained of being too busy to attend to the researcher or were not on seat.
RESPONDENTS
Some of the respondents were not forthcoming with the
information required by the researcher, the interview respondents’ hoarded
information that they considered sensitive for the researcher for fear that
such could get into the hands of their competitors. They added that if they
consider the information non-sensitive they might release such to the
researcher.
Attempt by the researcher to convince the respondents that
the exercise was purely academic proved abortive. However, he kwas able to
continue with the much he was given.
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