ABSTRACT
This study investigated the need for
guidance and counseling among Nigerian University Students, a case study of
Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State. The participants were sixteen
thousand, eight hundred and fifty one (16,851) students of Ambrose Alli
University drawn from the ten faculties of the school. To address the problem
of study, five research questions were raised. The researcher adopted a survey
research design. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire titled”
The Need of Guidance and Counselling Services among Nigerian university,
students ques6tionnaired (TNGCSNUSQ)” administered on the participants by the
researcher. The method of data analysis was simple percentage for the research
questions.
The
study found out that:
·
The university students have problems
that require the professional services of guidance counselors.
·
The university undergraduates should be
given educational service as one of the services to enhance their academic
achievement.
·
The university undergraduates lack
vocational guidance and as such are in direct need of vocational services.
Based
on these findings conclusion was reached and recommendations made.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
Page…………………………………………………………..ii
Certification……………………………………………………….iii
Dedication…………………………………………………………iv
Acknowledgements……………………………………………….v
Table
of content………………………………………………….vi
Abstract………………………………………………………...….ix
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background
of the Study………….……………………………1
Statement
of the Problem……………………………………..8
Purpose
of the study…………………………………………….9
Research
Question……………………………………………..10
Significance
of the Study…………………………………..…11
Scope
of the study………………………………………………11
Limitation
of the Study………………………………………..12
Definition
of Terms…………………………………………….12
CHAPTER TWO
Literature Review
The
meaning of Guidance and Counselling ………….....15
Guidance
and Counseling in Nigeria………………………16
Objectives
of Guidance and Counselling in a
University
………..……………………………..……………….20
Guidance
and Counselling Services needed by
University
Students…………………………………………….21
Vocation
Services……………………………………………....22
Orientation
Services…………………………………………...22
School
Personal Services……………………………….…….23
Summary
of Related Literature………………………….....28
CHAPTER THREE
Method of Study
Design
of Study…………………………………………………29
Population
of Study……………………………………………29
Sample
and Sampling Technique…………………………..29
Instrument
for data collection……………………………….30
Validity
of the Instrument…………………………………….31
Reliability
of the Instrument…………………………………32
Method
of data collection…………………………………….32
Method
of data analysis………………………………………32
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation of data analysis and
discussion of result
Data
Analysis……………………………………………………34
Discussion
of Findings………………………………………..39
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, Conclusion and
Recommendations
Summary………………………………………………………...43
Conclusion……………………………………………………….43
Recommendations………………………………………………44
References……………………………………………………….46
Questionnaire……………………………………………….....49
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
Guidance and counselling services in the
university promote the personal social planning and programming for students
with special learning needs.
The students need to prepare themselves
not only academically but also socially in order for them to gain acceptance
into the new community.
It’s also good to know that, the
undergraduates, even though a good number of them are adults, there is the need
to guide them if the purpose which they are in the university is to be
achieved.
Also, majority of students in the University
are faced with anxiety and stress, to be able to handle situation like this,
they need counselling.
The services of guidance and counselling
in tertiary institution is to bring about well guided and properly counselled
among university undergraduates who will be leaders of tomorrow because the
role of guidance and counselling cannot be over emphasized.
Most university administrators in
Nigeria are searching for stability as a way out of crises and a means to
restore some lasting tranquility on campuses. Recently, dramatic increase in
violence and revolutionary behaviour among students has almost attained a high
proportion throughout the world. Guidance and counselling services are needed
in order to find lasting solutions to some problems that have plagued
institutions of learning for a very long time.
Students need counselling programme as a
result of these unruly behaviours. In order words, university undergraduates
need help to resolve their home, social, academics, health, emotional,
vocational, financial and religious problems. The undergraduates at this level
are made to understand the nature and complexity of their problems and better
means of solving the problems.
Fresh students appear to be plagued by
the questions self-defined by their present status within the community, by
their position within their peer group and by their academic performances in
secondary school. Without counselling programme/support, they will feel
inferior and be defeated of their social identities. Difficulties may come the
way of new students trying to adjust to the new environment and they will find
it painful and hectic. This may be due to the differences they encounter in
life when in secondary schools.
Values espoused by other students are
social climate, course of study, study conditions and degree of freedom and
adjustment to these differences often result in crises of some sort. The crises
can be averted if guidance and counselling services are made available to this
category of students at the point of entering into the university.
Since counselling aims at the total
development of the individual persons, it also helps students to find spiritual
and ethical measuring in life and help them to live in harmony within the other
members of the university community. The inculcation of ethnical values through
guidance and counselling services will go a long way in curbing irrational
behaviours among university undergraduates. Effective counselling services in
the university will constrain students from rebellion against the established
rules of their schools organization and destruction of school properties.
The student is aspiration should be
brought into balance with the goals of their educational institutions and those
of their surrounding community will be maintained.
Denga (2003) is of the opinion that the
need for guidance and counselling in our educational system is increasingly
pressing as educational, economic, technological, social and ideological
advancements are being made. Each student will need to be helped to strengthen
his own abilities to make meaningful and realistic choices and to face problems
encountered in the society.
According to Oladele (2007) no matter
how good and well constructed an educational policy may be, if guidance and
counselling is not given priority and made an integral part of the system, it
cannot succeed. Guidance and counselling services within the frame work of
education has the potential to help an individual to realistically examine
his/her belief and values within the comprehensive nature of the university set
up, only good guidance and counselling services can help the undergraduate
through social adjustment to take the right decisions and understand himself
and his world.
The importance of guidance and
counselling services among undergraduates are glaring and inevitable. The
services are veritable instruments for achieving success in and out of school.
As revealed by findings and conducted by number of Nigerian scholars, among
whom are Adugbo (2000), Denga (2003), Allolla (2004), Bello (2007), guidance
and counselling services are yet to take off effectively in Nigerian schools
generally due to some problems that are yet to be addressed properly.
These problems includes inadequate
number of personnel (counsellors), lack of materials and facilities for
effective guidance services, lack of finance, inadequate time allocated to
guidance and counselling services in schools, unhealthy perception of the
school head, counsellor, students and parents.
The need for guidance and counselling
services amongst Nigerian university students cannot be compromised if the
universities must actualize the goals for which they were established. So it is
important for the universities to properly design counselling services to
interpret the goals of the constitution the students and his family in term of
its ability to satisfy students’ educational, vocational, social and personal
needs. Also it is important for the achievement of academic goals and
aspiration in the university.
Statement of the Problem
The following are some of the problems
that will make university undergraduates face a lot of worry:
1.
Emotional stress
2.
Victimization from lecturers
3.
Persons and social needs
4.
Indecent dressing
5.
Examination malpractice
6.
Peer group influence e.g drinking,
smoking, cultism etc
7.
Financial insecurity (lack of finance)
8.
Sexual harassment
9.
Addiction to social networking like face
book, 2go, twitter to mention but a few.
These
problems have eaten deep into the fabrics of the university and as such having
negative effect on the standard of graduates, however it is the researcher’s
concern that this ill attitude is affecting the quality of university graduates
in Nigeria, therefore urgent attention is needed. This study will fill the obvious
lack of research in this area.
Purpose of the Study
The
general purpose of the study is to determine the need for guidance and
counselling services among students in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma.
The specific objectives of this study are as
follows:
To
identify the need for university students that form guidance and counseling
services.
To
find out strategies for providing effective guidance services for the university students.
To
ascertain the need for guidance and counselling services in Nigerian
Universities.
Research Questions
1.
What are the common social vices among
students of Ambrose Alli University?
2.
What are the peculiar problems of female
students of Ambrose Alli University?
3.
What are the unique problems facing male
students of Ambrose Alli university?
4.
What are the unique problems facing male
students of Ambrose Alli University.
5.
Is there need for guidance and
counselling services to students of Ambrose Alli University?
6.
Does Ambrose Alli University management
have guidance and counselling service unit for her students?
Significance of the Study
The study will provide contemporary and
best way for guidance and counselling suitable for undergraduates of the
university.
It
would help the university administrations to identify areas of guidance and
counselling services that need attention. The study will also help in aiding
the curriculum planners to decide essential services to be established firmly
in guidance and counselling unit in the university.
Scope of the Study
This study is designed to look into the
need for guidance and counselling services among Nigeria university students
with reference to Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo State. The scope of the
study also covers the period of (3) three years from (2010-2012).
Limitation of the Study
The limitation of this research work is
difficult in getting relevant materials. Only small geographical area is
covered in this study. As a result of the small geographical area covered,
national generalization may be limited.
Definition of Terms
Guidance: Advice or information aimed at resolving a
problem or difficulty as given by someone in authority (counsellor), guidance
is gotten from the word guide which also means to direct, help, steer, instruct
etc.
Counselling: This
is about helping people who want to change some aspects of their behaviours
which are not desirable. Counselling could also be seen as an act of exchanging
opinions and ideas; consultation etc.
Counsellor: Means
a person who counsels; adviser counsellor can also be someone who is trained to
render assistance to his/her clients on the problems the individual is facing.
Undergraduate: A
student in a university or college who has not received a first, especially a
bachelor’s degree.
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