TABLE OF
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
1.2 Statement
of Problem
1.3 Objective
of the study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Scope of Study
1.6 Limitation of Study
1.7 Significance
of the Study
1.8 Definition
of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Media Impact
2.2 Impact
of Advertisement on Consumers
2.3 MTN
and Subscribers
2.4 Impact
of MTN Advertisement on Subscribers.
2.5 Theoretical
Framework
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Methodology
3.1
Research
Design
3.2 Population
of Study
3.3 Sample
Size
3.4 Sampling
Technique
3.5 Instrument
for Data Collection
3.6 Validity
of Instrument
3.7 Method of Data Analysis / Presentation
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data presentation and Analysis
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of Findings
5.3 CONCLUSION
5.4 RECOMMENDATIONS
5.5 RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER
STUDY
References
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
The
development of telecommunication in Nigeria began in 1886 when a cable
connection was established between Lagos and the colonial office in London by
1893, government office in Lagos were provided with telephone service, which
was later extended to Ilorin and Jebbu in the hinterland. A slow but steady
process of development in the years that followed led to the gradual formation
of the nucleus of a national telecommunication network.
In 1923, the first commercial trunk
telephone service between Itu and Calabar was established. Between 1946 and
1952, a Three-Channel – Line Carrier system was commissioned between Lagos and Ibadan and was extended to Oshogbo,
Kaduna, Kano, Benin, and Enugu; thus connecting the colonial office in London
with Lagos and the commercial centre in the country with local authority
offices. In 1960s the network system was expanded to meet growing needs of the
fledging commercial and industrial communication network system.
In the 1980s, the telecommunication arm
of the department of Post and Telecommunication was merged with the Nigerian
External Telecommunication (NET) and in 1985 the Nigerian Telecommunication Ltd
(NITEL), a Limited Liability Company that administers both internal and
external telecommunication services in Nigeria was formed.
Currently, NITEL offers the following
services, telephony, telex and telex delivery services, telegraph and
registered telegraphic addresses, payphones, and public coin telephones,
transmission and reception of real-time TV for network services etc, Nigeria
embraced digital Technology since the 1980 with the ratio of Digital Switches
and Transmission System (Radio and Optic Fibre), into the network since the
beginning of the 90s, mobile Telephone Services offered by NITEL. NITEL now has
an X 25 and X 40 Switching facilities in its network.
Today, however, to a population of one
hundred million (100m) the figure of more than half a million on telephone
lines in the country means in effect, a very low telephone density ratio,
though the country has the largest number of telephones in any one country in
Africa.
MTN Entrance into Nigerian
Telecommunication Sector
The
MTN Group Limited (MTN Group) is a leading provider of communication services
offering cellular network access and business solutions, and is listed in
South-Africa on the Johannesburge Securities exchange (JSE) under the
Industrial Telecommunication Sector launched in 1994, MTN Group is a
Multinational Telecommunication provider with its core operations in 21
countries in Africa and the Middle East.
MTN
Nigeria began operations in Nigeria
on May 16th, 2001. MTN Nigeria was the first GSM Network to make a
call following the globally landed Nigerian GSM auction conducted by the
Nigerian Communication Commission (NCC).
Therefore,
the company launched full commercial operations beginning with Lagos,
Abuja, and
Port-Harcourt and since then it has spread their network to every State in
Nigerian Federation (Uyo included).
1.2 Statement
of Problem
In
Nigeria
today, consumers are faced with many competiting variables of telecommunication
network to choose from. In case of GSM
Service providers, we have Airtel, Globacomm, MTN, Starcomm, Zoom, NITEL,
Etisalat etc.
Meanwhile,
advertisements are no longer geared towards sensitizing the public about the
usefulness of the product or products so advertised; it is now been used as a
tool for propaganda and extortion of the public / consumers. MTN was, in 2009
summoned by the House of Representative in Nigeria to defend itself against
claims that it is extorting the Nigerian populace.
Matter
of factly, advertisement ensures or does the following; enhances sales, creates
awareness about a new product, satisfies the consumers need for quality,
educates consumes about how a product can be used, influences consumer’s
choices etc.
Therefore,
it is against this backdrop that the researcher therefore, intends to find out
or answer the question: Has MTN advertisement impacted its subscribers in Uyo
Metropolis?
1.3 Objective
of the study
In
order to be guarded toward achieving the aims of the research efforts, the
researcher, hereby makes the following outlines as the objectives of this
study:
i To
find out if the residents of Uyo Metrpolis as exposed to MTN advertisement.
ii To
find out if MTN advertisement creates awareness about their services in Uyo
Metropolis.
iii To
ascertain whether MTN advertisement generates or increases sales of their
products and services in Uyo Metropolis.
iv To
find out whether customers are influenced by MTN advertisement.
v To
find out or ascertain whether MTN advertisement educates subscribers of Uyo
Metropolis on the benefits of using their products and how they can use them.
vi To
find out whether MTN advertisement influences subscribers in Uyo Metropolis
preference for their product over other telecommunication network.
Vi To
find out from the resident which Mobile
service they would recommend for a close friend.
1.4 Research Questions
i Are
the respondents of Uyo Metropolis aware of MTN advertisement?
ii Does
MTN advertisement generate sales of their products and services among
subscribers in Uyo Metropolis?
iii Are
subscribers in Uyo Metropolis influence by MTN advertisement?
iv Does
MTN advertisement educate subscribers on the benefits of their products and
services and how ot use them?
v How
has MTN advertisement impacted
subscribers’ preference for their product and services over other
telecommunication network in Uyo Metropolis?
vi Which
of the media enhances the impact of MTN advertisement on Uyo Metropolis?
vii Which
mobile Services would subscribers recommend for prospective customers?
1.5 Scope of Study
The
study was conducted in Uyo local Government Area. Since the Local Government
Area comprises of numerous villages made of two clan, its vastness does not
provide specification for eligibility for the study, the researcher, therefore,
restricted herself to the selected villages from two clan which are; Afaha Oku,
and Ilot Oku Ubo offot, and their reactions toward MTN advertisement in Nigeria.
Also this work is limited to television advertisement only.
1.6 Limitation of Study
This
research effort was militated against by several factors. These factors
combined to make the process more rigorous Herculean for the researcher. Some
of the challenging factors are; dearth of materials at the researchers’
disposal made the effort more challenging. For instance, it was not easy
retrieving information on the first advertisement of the MTN in Uyo Metropolis.
Another
is the unwillingness of respondents to fill the questionnaire. This to an
extent constituted an impediment to the collation and collection of data for
the study.
Also,
the researcher studied the behaviour that is rational. This too, posed a great
deal of challenge to the researcher because often, the respondents do not
express their habitual practices, and their preferences cannot be assessed
correctly or accurately.
1.7 Significance
of the Study
A
research effort of this magnitude is expected to serve as a reference material
to both students and researchers who may embark on a research project in this
area in future. It will add to the existing stock of knowledge in the related
area or subject of interest.
Also, the work will also be of great
benefit to advertising agencies and advertisers, other GSM service providers,
media organizations, and the general publics at large.
1.8 Definition
of Terms
Below
are the operational definitions of term;
Impact:
This refers to the effect that MTN has on the subscribers in Uyo Metropolis.
MTN: Mobile Telecommunication Network. MTN is one of the major
wireless telephone operators in Nigeria.
Advertisement: It is an appeal that contains some aesthetic
information concerning a product or service.
GSM Global
System of Mobile Communication. It was fully
approved in Nigeria
on 27th August, 2000.
Subscribers these are the people in Uyo Metropolis who pay to MTN in order
to receive their services
Uyo Metropolis Uyo Local Government is one of the 31 Local Government Areas in Akwa Ibom
State. Uyo occupies a
position between 5.050 North (Latitude) and 80 East
(Longitude). This is within the equatorial rainforest, which are tropical zones
that harbor vegetable of green forage of trees, shrubs and oil palm trees.
These geographical environments are very conducive for cash crops couples with
flat lead terrain shaping towards the South-East between the months of December
to February of every year.
According to Otobong (2007, p. 115). Uyo
Local Government Area being the capital of Akwa Ibom State has a total landmass of 1,250,000 square
kilometers with a population of three hundred and nine thousand, five hundred
and seventy three people. It comprises of two clans viz; Ikono Ibom and Oku
clan and shares common boundaries with Etinan, Ibesikpo. Itu, Uruan, Nsit Atai
and Nsit Ibom Local Government Local Government Area.
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