ABSTRACT
This study investigated the role of small-scale industries in reducing poverty levels in Nigeria. The research employed a quantitative descriptive research approach, primarily gathering data through the use of questionnaires. The study focused on several villages within Lokoja metropolis, located in Kogi State, with a sample size of 50 individuals selected randomly from the population. Data analysis involved the use of tables and simple percentages, and the research hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical analysis. The findings affirmed that small-scale businesses play a significant role in poverty alleviation in Nigeria. As one of the recommendations, it was suggested that the government should develop efficient mechanisms to ensure that the benefits of poverty alleviation reach those who truly need them, while minimizing logistical inefficiencies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Significance of the Study
1.4 Objective of the Study
1.5 Hypotheses of the Study
1.6 Scope of the Study
1.7 Limitation of the Study
1.8 Definition of the Terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Conceptual Issue of Small Scale Business
2.2 Characteristic of Small Scale Business
2.3 Forms and Example of Small Scale Business
2.4 Economic Importance of Small Scale Business
2.5 Agencies That Facilitate Small Scale Industries
2.6 The Place of Government in Poverty Alleviation
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population
3.3 Sample Size
3.4 Sampling Technique
3.5 Source of Data Collection
3.6 Method of Data Collection
3.7 Method of Data Presentation
3.8 Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Presentation of Data
4.2 Test of Hypotheses
4.3 Summary and Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It is very important to note that in many developing countries like Nigeria, it is being argued that the small scale industries have not and cannot alone be expected to play the dynamic role that they are expected to play towards the rapid growth and development of the various segment of the country. It is therefore becoming even those countries that the small scale industries which had however been neglected could play a significant role in the quest of economic development.
In recognition of this fact, the Nigeria government had in the recent play important role in promoting small scale business. This important role can be seen in various institutions that it had set up to promote small scale business activities in the country.
Government also in its quest to further develop and promote small scale business, have adopted favorable policies (monetary and fiscal that could aid small scale business in the country.
Small scale business in a catalyst that improve standard of living. It pointed out that our seventy percent (70%) of workforce I Nigeria earns their living of been employed in small scale business either directly or indirectly. It is on this role that small scale business is seen by the researcher of this work as a good channel through which government can efficiently alleviate poverty in the country. Apart from employees, the small scale enterprises are equally lifted from grass to grace through increase in capitalization, special drawings and dividends that are usually the goodies of entrepreneurs. The increase in revenue increases the purchasing power of the entrepreneurs in relation to their standard of living. In addition, the influx (flowing) of social and recreation facilities in response of the multiplication of small scale industries also help in the transformation of the lifestyle of the public generally.
There has been technological breakthrough by small scale enterprises in adoptive response in changing economic and social fortune (lucky) of the masses in all ramifications. It generates the desired forward and backward and linkage required holding a vibrant industrial base.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Despite the good position of small scale business to bring about efficient poverty alleviation to impoverished Nigerian’s, small scale business on it’s own has some setbacks. In view of this development, the study is to look into the factors that cause severe problems affecting the promoting of small scale business in Nigeria.
SOME PROBLEMS ARE
• Lack of working capital
• Lack of good site
• Seasonal nature of raw materials
• Inadequate record and cost analysis
• Lack of research about the market and customers information
• Lack of managerial and technical knowhow (one man management)
The entire above problem cause hindrance in promoting small scale business. These problems are encountered by entrepreneurs who mean various small scale business. A careful understanding of these problems by entrepreneurs will help greatly to forestall it’s impediment to small scale business.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The basic objective of any nation whether developed, developing or under developed is that of self-sustenance and reliance. It is important to know that the gross national product (GNP) of any country determines to a great extent, the standard of living of the people of the nation which is the hallmark of this study.
As a result of this, it becomes clear that small scale industries in Nigeria have a lot to contribute towards the growth and development of the Nigerian economy which will positively rise the standard of living of the general populace. The government is now been aware these benefits and have been playing great role in promoting small scale business in all it’s perspective. The involvement of different tiers of government in the development of small scale business will bring a brighter hope for the masses of this country.
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Considering the good of government in promoting small scale business, the study is geared towards achieving the following objectives:
• To identify government commitment in promoting small scales business in one hand and poverty alleviation on the other hand.
• To identify the relationship between small scale business and poverty alleviation.
• To find out how the masses so far have benefited from small scale business.
• To recommend how government can promote small scale business with a view of alleviating poverty in Nigeria.
1.7 HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY
For the purpose of this study, the researchers have formulated the following hypotheses and they shall be test in chapter four (4) to enable them draw logical conclusion and make useful recommendation.
HYPOTHESES I
H0: Small scale business has not committed to poverty alleviation in Nigeria.
HI: Small scale business is committed to poverty alleviation in Nigeria.
HYPOTHESES II
HI: Government has not promoted small scale enterprises with a view of alleviating poverty in Nigeria.
HI: Government has promoted small scale with a view of alleviating poverty in Nigeria
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research centre’s on the contribution of small scale industry to poverty alleviation in Nigeria with a close reference to small scale enterprises in Lokoja metropolis, Kogi State. The project also discuss the place of government in poverty alleviating and the roles of various agencies established to facilitate small scale business with a view of alleviating the poverty level in the country.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study intends to identify the ways through which the development of small scale business could help to alleviate poverty in Nigeria. However, for financial constraints and time factor, the researcher could not embark on extensive research to cover various poverty alleviation offices across the country.
Nevertheless, a sample of this population is selected and is expected that any conclusion drawn thereof shall to a reasonable extends reflect the true situation.
1.8 DEFINITION OF THEE TERMS
POVERTY: Is a condition of an economy and political disempowerment which make an individual or state are unstable to satisfy their major needs poverty has physical manifestation because poor people lack a lot of what are needed to have in comfort.
SMALL SCALE BUSINESS: The company and Allied Matter Act of 1990 Section 351 Sub-Section 1 formally and legally defined small scale business as follow:
(1) It is private company having share capital
(2) The amount of its turnover for the year is not more than N2million or such amount as may be fixed by the corporate affairs commission.
(i) None of its members is an alien
(ii) None of its members is a general corporation or agency of its nominee and
(iii) The directors between them held not less than fifty one percent (51%) of its equity capital.
COMMENT: No matter the shortcoming of this definition in terms of equity capital and amount of turnover, they should not be more than N1million respectively. The company and Allied Matter Act remains the more authoritative and dependable source of defining small scale business.
POVERTY ALLEVIATION: It can be defined as a situation whereby government has been able to assist to materialize as a result of poor institutional organs to help in the implementation of masses in the country. Thereby government intends to introduce poverty alleviation programme in order to succor (Aid) the poor.
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