TABLE OF
CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Statement
of the Problem
Objectives
of the Study
Research
Questions
Significance
of the Study
Delimitation
of the Study
Limitations
Definition
of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Meaning
of Team
Teamwork
Types of Teams within an organization
Stages of
Team Development
Problems
Encountered in Teamwork
Solutions
to the problem
Effects
of Teamwork on Productivity
Conditions
that Hinder Growth in an Organization
Absence
of paradigm shift
Lack of Planning ahead
Unhealthy Cash flow and financial management
Inability to solve
Problem
The Wrong Systems
Negative Skills and
attitudes
Lack of Welcoming
changes
Summary
of the Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
Area
of the Study
Research
Design
Population
of the Study
Sample
Size and Techniques
Method of Data Collection
Instrument (S) For Data Collection
Validation
of the Instruments
Administration
of the Instrument
Method
of Data Analysis
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
of the Study
Teamwork is as old as mankind, and as
such many organizations use the term ‘team’ in either one sense or the other
i.e such as in the production, marketing processes, etc. Examples are
management team, production team or an entire organization can be referred as a
team.
Cook (1998) claimed that there is a
growing consensus among scholars in the world that organizations may be getting
works done through individuals, but his super achievement lies in the
attainment of set goals through teams (teamwork). It is a well known fact that
teamwork is not only the foundation of all successful managements, but the
means of improving overall results in organizational productivity.
Wage (1997) described Teamwork as an
idea of working together in a group to achieve the same goals and objectives
for the good of the service users and organizations in order to deliver a good
quality of service (productivity). Ruth (2007) claimed that employees teamwork
is seen as constituting a larger group of people than what job position
describes, the essence of teamwork is that workload is reduced and broken into
pieces of work for everyone to take part. Alan (2003) defined teamwork as a
grouping of professionals whose members work intensely on a specific, common
goal using their positive synergy, individual and mutual accountability, and
complementary skills. Employees take baby steps toward accomplishing key action
items and nothing important is finished. Team work is the ability to work
together towards a common vision. It is a fuel that allows common people to
attain uncommon results. Collective action is widely recognized as a positive
force for teamwork in any organization or institution to succeed. Teams enable
individuals to empower themselves and to increase benefits from cooperative
work engaged on as a group. Getting together with others also can allow
individuals to better understand the importance of teamwork and how the
organizations operate as well as promote the culture of teamwork success.
Davis (2007) claimed that employers
always stress the need for employing those (Employees) that can be able to work
with a team. And they (Employers) generally talk of teamwork when they want to
emphasize the need to various talents possessed by different employees. The
organizations however, coordinate the employees into different teams, such as
management team, production team, etc. This is purposely to tap from the
abilities of respective human resources employed by an organization.
Organization according Caroline
(2008) is a social entity that is goal directed, deliberately structured
activity systems with a preamble boundary.
Alan (2008) claimed that productivity
is the rate at which an employer, company or country produces goods, and the
amount, produced, compared with how much time, work and money is needed to
produce them.
This therefore, shows that, this
study will concentrate specifically on the use of the term ‘teamwork’ which
involves reshaping the way work is carried out. This includes organizing
employees into teams based on a distinct product, each team performing a
particular task. These teams are given a high degree of responsibility and are
expected to work with flexibility.
The researcher is interested on this
topic in order to understand or know how much organizing employees into teams
(Teamwork) has contributed to the improved productivity of Power Holding
Company (PHCN Plc, Kaduna Electricity
Distribution Company, Zonal Office), New Nigeria National Board for Technical
Education (NBTE) Kaduna, Coca-Cola Bottling Company, Kaduna and the Nigerian
Breweries Plc,Kaduna, and how it will positively contribute to the
organizations.
Statement of the Problem
Every organization, either large or
small, struggles to acquire productivity so as to achieve success and maintain
a valuable image in this present world of organizational competitions. And it
is the wish of organizations to see the input they use (resources) and the
output (goods and services produced) they have at the end.
The population of workers in an
organization may be very large and yet that organization achieving a very low
productivity and with no improvement in their products. Could this occur as a
result of absence of teamwork in such organizations. And if it is, then, there
are other organizations that have teams and yet achieve little or no
productivity at all. It may be as a result of the following problems:
1.
Lack of Teamwork in the Organization:
That is the failure
of an organization to coordinate works into work groups in order to tap from
the respective human resources the organization possesses.
2.
Poor Leadership Styles in the
Organization: It may
be as a result of the leadership style of the organization possibly not
favorable to teamwork.
3.
Poor Leadership of the Work Teams: Different work teams may exist, but
lacking the persons with the team leading acumen to lead them.
4.
Lack of Motivation of the Workforce: The way in which organizations
reward their workforce may also lead to low organizational productivity even
when their staff work in teams.
5.
Prevailing Conditions that hinder
growth in an Organization: The conditions permanently occurring in an organization (lack of
picking-up of innovative ideas) like the absence of designing motivational
programs, educational growth, bonuses, job rotation and the use of old
technologies, etc, may be the cause of
low organizational productivity.
Objectives of the Study
The general objective of this study
is to investigate the contributions of teamwork on organizational productivity.
The specific objectives of this study are as listed below:
1)
To
find out the effect of teamwork on
organizational productivity.
2)
To
investigate the ways leadership styles used by the organizations affect
organizational productivity.
3)
To
find out the effect of poor leadership on work teams leadership.
4)
To
investigate the benefits of motivation to the workforce.
5)
To
find out the prevailing conditions that hinder growth to organizational
productivity.
Research Questions
For the purpose of this research, the
following research questions were formulated to guide this study:
1)
In
what ways does teamwork affect on organizational productivity?
2)
In
what ways does leadership style of an organization affect teamwork?
3)
In
what ways does team’s poor leadership style affect their output?
4)
What
are the benefits of motivation on organizational productivity?
5) What
are the prevailing conditions that hinder the growth of organizational productivity?
Significance of the Study
It is very much important
to maintain the healthy advantages of productivity as a result of its
importance to organizations. And teamwork is the best tool which can be used in
helping us to achieve it (organizational productivity). Looking at the
important role that teamwork can play, to enable organizations achieve this,
this study will be very significant to organizations, employers and employees,
students, managers and future researchers.
1)
Organizations: Organizations can take the provided
information in this study to use it for saving them from their competitive
advantage and improving their productivity and the important role teamwork can
play in helping organizations to achieve productivity.
2)
Employers and Employees: They can use it to develop and
establish firm ideas that will bring about further development in the way and
manner employers and employees can achieve the needed goals and objectives.
3)
Managers: Practicing managers can make
adjustments in their roles and leadership towards the attainment of the
organizational productivity by introducing teamwork in organizations.
4)
Students: This will serve as a guide and
reference material to students who intend to carry out a research, read or
write more on this topic.
5)
Future Researchers: Those who will make or carry out a
research in future will find it useful in meeting their goals.
Delimitation of the Study
This study will be limited to Power
Holding Company of Nigeria Plc (PHCN Kaduna Electricity Distribution Company,
Zonal Office), National Board for Technical Education Kaduna, Coca-Cola Bottling
Company, Kaduna and the Nigerian Breweries Plc Kaduna. Through the above
mentioned organizations, the study will look at lack of teamwork in an
organization, leadership style in an organization, poor leadership of the
teams, lack of motivation of the workforce, and prevailing conditions in
organizations.
Definition of Terms
Team: A number of people organized to work
cooperatively as a group.
Teamwork: A cooperative effort by a group or
team.
Productivity: The ability to be productive by
either organizations or individuals.
Leadership: The ability to guide, direct or
influence people.
Motivation: The cognitive or social or social
forces that activate and direct behavior.
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