ABSTRACT
This
work tries to examine the impact of minimum wages on workers productivity in
Nigeria. Public enterprises, with reference to Anambra State Board of Internal
revenue. The study was borne out of the fact that workers are not adequately
motivated in the organization. The study adopted survey design with a total
population of 326 and a sample size of 180 which was determined through Yaro
Yamane sampling Technique. Questionnaires and interview were the instrument
used in generating data for the study. It was found out that there is a
relationship between minimum wage motivates worker for higher productivity. It
was also found out that the organization often motivates workers with wages
incentives. The study concludes that human resource is a vital element in an
organization which is the agent of productivity and every attention should be
turned to motivating the workers so as to maximize organizational productivity.
It was recommended that there should be a periodic wage increment for workers so as to be able to
match the ever price rising commodities in the market. Workers should also be
promoted as when due and all wages attachment should apply.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover
page - - - - - - - - - - i
Title - - - - - - - - - - --ii
Declaration - - - - - - - - - -iii
Certification
- - - - - - - - - -iv
Approval - - - - - - - - - -v
Dedication - - - - - - - - - -vi
Acknowledgments - - -- - - - - vii
Abstract - - - - - - - - - viii
Table
of contents - - - - - - - - ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.1
Background Of the Study - - - - - - -1
1.2
Statement of the Study - - - - - - -2
1.3
Research Question- - - - - - - - -3
1.4
Purpose of the Study-- - -- - - - - -4
1.5
Significance of the
Study- - - - - - - -4
1.6
Scope of the study- - - - - - - - 5
1.7
Limitation of the Study- - - - - - - -5
1.8
Operationalization - - - - - -- - -6
1.9
Organization of the
Study- - - - - - - 6
CHAPTER TWO
2.1
Literature Review- - - - - - - - -8
2.2
Theoretical framework- - - - - - - - 24
CHAPTER THREE
3.1
Research Design- - - - - - - - - 26
3.2
Area of the study- - - - - - - - - 26
3.3
Population of the study - - - - - - - - 27
3.4
Sample and Sampling Techniques- - - - - - 27
3.5
Methods of data Collections- - - - - - - 29
3.6
Instrument for data Collection- - - - - - - 29
3.7
Reliability of the Instrument- - - - - - - 29
3.8
Validity of the Instrument- - - - - - - 30
3.9
Distribution and retrieval of Instrument- - - - - - 30
3.10
Method of Data Analysis- - - - - - - 30
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1
Data Presentation- - - - - - - - 31
4.2
Analysis of Research question- - - - - - - 34
4.3
Interpretation of Results - - - - - - - 41
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1
Summary- - - - - - - - - - 43
5.2
Conclusion- - - - - - - - - 43
5.3
Recommendations- - - - - - - - 44
References
- - - - - - - - - - 46
Appendix
I - - - - - - - - - 47
Appendix
II - - - - - - - - - - 48
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1
Background
of the Study
For
many decades, the image of an average Nigeria government workers has been very
poor, it projects a pictures of an uncomplicated individuals, whose sense of
responsibility has been dulled by
frustration and negativism. An average Nigeria government workers or civil
servant is habitually non-challant to his duties. He needs to be closely
supervised before he could discharge his duties. Bad attitudes displayed by the workers include , habitual
lateness to duty, constant absence from duty under fictions excuses, maligning,
sabotage of official interest etc.
The researcher believes that those multi-furious bad
attitudes of an average government worker is rooted in a popular adage that “a
hungry man is an angry man”.
The exponent of scientific management
Taylor and his followers-maintained that the basic motive of a man at work was economic. Money was seen as a
principal motivation instrument. Wage incentives are motivational factors.
According to Croft (1996) motivation can be defined as “impulses that stem from
a within a person and lead him to act in
a way that will satisfy to get reward for their effort. The exchange of labour
for financial reward in the market in the heart of pay process. People do not
put forward their best unless they get reward for their work. Ubeku,(1975)
stated that, the payment of goods
salaries and wages is fundamental to the increase in the prerequisite for
effective performance. In order to motivate people to put maximum efforts, it is
essential that their various needs especially as it concerns their wage and
salaries be satisfies as far as practicable.
According to Papola(1970: 123) “a
just minimum wage to maintain not only
the life but the health and the vigour of the working people is a law of
necessity and knows no other law”. Therefore, motivation and productivity are
twin concept in organizational development.
1.2
Statement
of the Problem
Currently,
the poor performance , lack of dedication and commitment of government worker have been a matter of concern and debate. How to improve
the productivity of employees has been the topic of many seminars, symposia and
conference. The reason for this trend, as well as appropriate avenue for the
appointment of blame has formed the basis for the controversies. Many reforms
in the public service a such as work
ethics, transparency, dedication and commitment to duties are some of the ways
of trying to improve productivity of the workers in the country.
According
to Nwachukwu (1988:102)Nigeria people have always come with the impression that
generally, Nigeria workers are lazy, sleepy, reluctant to act,
unconcerned and deceitful in their approach; these workers are said to lack the zeal, the business and the
momentum of hardworking people and generally,
they dislike having anybody talk about efficiency, dedication, competence,
determination and productivity of which characterise people in a production
oriented society. In production oriented society, the employees strive to boost
the morale of their employees with a view to eliciting positive attitude
towards work. While the workers respond
by fashioning ways of making their
organization successful. In Nigeria, however there is inadequate stimulus to
attract such responses, so the workers are still performing below average,
morale still down and efficiency still nil.
The problem therefore, lies in the low productivity of government
workers in Oba Anambra state because.
·
The management sees
motivating their effort force as something not too important because they do
not value their employees.
·
They lack an enabling
environment for work performance, poor incentive, tribalism, and sentiments,
bureaucracy and quota system helps in contributing to poor performance.
·
The management do not
adequately motivate their employees giving rise to low morale among the
workers.
1.3
Research
Question
In bid to actualize the purpose of this study, the
following question were raised;
1.
What is the relationship
between minimum wage and workers productivity in Anambra Board of Internal
Revenue Awka.
2.
To what extent is the
minimum wage policy implemented in Anambra State Board of Internal Revenu Akwa.
3.
How do workers get
motivated through minimum increment in
Anambra State Board of Internal Revenue Awka.
4.
What other ways can
workers in Anambra state Board of Internal Revenue be motivated so as to
enhance their performance.
1.4
Purpose
of the Study
The general purpose of the study is to examine the
impact of minimum wage on workers productivity with reference to Anambra
State Board of Internal Revenue. Other
specific objectives include:
1.
To find out the
relationship between minimum wage and worker productivity in Anambra State
Board of Internal Revenue Akwa.
2.
To ascertain the extent
of implementation of minimum wage policy in Anambra State Board of Internal
Revenue Akwa.
3.
To explore how workers
get motivated through minimum wage increment in Anambra State Board of Internal
Revenue Akwa.
4.
To make recommendations
on how to maximize workers productivity in Anambra State Board of Internal
Revenue Awka.
1.5
Significance
of the study
The importance of this study stems from the fact that
the government workers play vital roles in nation development and sovereign
existence of any country.
Therefore, the welfare and efficient performance of
the government workers could be given priority attention by any successive administration (be it
military or civilian administration). The benefactors of this study are:
·
Workers:
This will help the workers to be move
devoted to their work and improve in
place where they are lacking
·
Future
Research: It also enable future researchers to
make use of this work for more finding and future reference.
1.6
Scope
of the Study
This study covers minimum wage and workers
productivity in Nigeria. This work is restricted to Anambra State Board of
Internal Revenue.
1.7
Limitations
of the Study
Some
limitations that were identified and encountered in the process of the study
include:
v
Financial
Constraints: In running around to gather
materials for the study, considering the economic meltdown, money and resources
were involved which delayed the completion of this work.
v
Attitude
of Respondent: The researcher encountered
challenges in trying to extract the requires information from the members of
staff in different organization.
v
Time
and Effort: The researcher was constraining by
time and effort in running around for the completion of this research work.
v
Other notable limitations
are the uncooperative attitude of some respondents, timely completion and
return of questionnaires the hostile nature of some respondents.
1.8
Operationalization/Definition
of Terms
Wages:
A total earning a worker receives for the performances of services within a
period of time.
Productivity:
Is the capacity or situation where an individual or organization produces
maximum results with available human, financial and material resources to
achieve set organizational objectives.
Motivation:
Is a theoretical construct used to explain behaviour. It represents the reasons
for peoples actions desires and needs.
Performance:
Is deemed to be the fulfilment of an obligation, in a manner that releases the
performer from all liabilities under the contract.
1.9
Organization
of the Study
The chapter of this research work present the
introduction to the background of the study, statement of the problem,
researcher question to enable the researcher to meet up with the purpose the
study, limitation of the study and operationlizational definition of terms of
some important terms.
Chapter two present the literature
review which is critical study of the
previous and related works or studies done in a researcher’s area of interest
or concern. Through such a critical study, the contributions made in the
researcher’s area of concern are unveiled, thereby affording him or her
opportunity to make headway in his or her endeavour. The researcher therefore
will delve into a review of the authors and scholar’s view of minimum wage and
productivity of workers.
The chapter three, present the
research design, area of study, population of the study, sample and sampling
techniques, methods of data collection, instrument for data collection,
reliability of the instrument, validity of the instrument, distribution and retrieval
of instrument and methods of data analyses.
Chapter four presents the data
presentation, analysis of research question interpretation of result which will
be critically analyses for easy understanding and be able to come up with a
successful conclusion.
This chapter is the summary,
conclusion and recommendation coupled with suggestion for further researcher in
some area in which the researcher was not able to meet up with.
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