TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Title
Page……………………………………………………………………………………...i
Certification……………………………………………………………………………………ii
Dedication…………………………………………………………………………………….iii
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………...iv
Table of
contents…………………………………………………………………………..v-vi
List of
tables………………………………………………………………………………....vii
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………...viii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
/BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY…………………....1
1.1 STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM………………………………………...2
1.2 AIM
AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY……………………………..….2
1.3 JUSTIFICATION
OF THE STUDY…………………………………………3
1.4 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY……………………………………………………3
1.5 DESCRIPTION
OF STUDY AREA…………………………………………3
1.6 METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………………….5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE……………………………………6
2.1 TRANSPORTATION
FACILITIES……………………………...................6
2.1.1 ROAD
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM………………………………........7
2.1.2 RAIL
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM………………………………………7
2.2 PUBLIC
UTILITIES…………………………………………………………..8
2.2.1 ELECTRICITY………………………………………………………………..8
2.2.2 WATER
SUPPLY…………………………………………………………….9
2.2.3 SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES…………………………….9
2.3 DRAINAGE
FACILITIES…………………………………………………...10
2.4 SEWERAGE………………………………………………………………...10
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………………..11
3.1 DATA
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS…………………………………..11
3.2 ROAD TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES………………………………..11
3.2.1 THE NEED FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF
ROAD WAYS…………….12
3.2.2 ROAD
DEFECTS AND CAUSES……………………………………..….13
3.3 RAIL TRANSPORT FACILITIES………………………………..………...15
3.3.1 OPERATION……………………………………………………………..…15
3.3.2 DAYS
OF OPERATION…………………………………………………....15
3.3.3 WHY THE
NEED FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF RAIL FACILITIES…16
3.3.4 DEFECTS
AND LOCATIONS ON RAIL…………………………..……..16
3.4 ELECTRICITY……………………………………………………………....17
3.5 WATER
SUPPLY…………………………………………………………...18
3.6 SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES…………………………..19
3.7 DRAINAGE
FACILITIES…………………………………………………...20
3.8 SEWERAGE………………………………………………………………...20
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS……………………………...21
4.1 TRENDS
IN THE MAINTENANCE OF ROADS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS………………………………………………………………………21
4.2 TRENDS IN THE MAINTENANCE OF
RAIL TRANSPORT FACILITIES IN ILORIN METROPOLIS…………………………………………………………25
4.3 TRENDS
IN THE MAINTENANCE OF THE PUBLIC UTILITIES……………………………………………………………………………27
4.3.1 ELECTRICITY………………………………………………………………27
4.3.2 WATER
SUPPLY…………………………………………………………...29
4.3.3 SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT……………………………...................31
4.4 DRAINAGE
MAINTENANCE……………………………………………...32
4.5 SEWERAGE………………………………………………………………...32
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION
AND RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………...33
5.1 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………33
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………….34
REFERENCES
LIST OF
TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGE
4.0: Road
Defects, Causes and Remedies…………………………………………...22
4.1:The Fare For Different Stations From
Ilorin……………………………………...26
4.2:Feeders And The Rate
Of Power Distribution…...…………............................29
4.3: The Distribution Duration And The Areas…...…………………………………..30
4.4: Percentage of Human Waste Disposal System
Usage………………………...32
ABSTRACT
This
project “maintenance of urban infrastructures (a case study of Ilorin
metropolis)” lays emphasis on the various Infrastructures such as Roads, Rail,
Electricity, Water-Supply, Solid Waste Management Facilities, Drainage
Facilities and Sewerage. The various magnitude and the facilities provided were
looked upon; the various defects and possible remedies to some specific
infrastructures were also looked at. The major data collection procedures were
from the various infrastructural ministries in the city and
participant/personal observations. Data were collected based on the existing
conditions, provisional services, facilities and magnitude of the
infrastructures and the preference of maintenance activities carried out by
most infrastructural agencies of which many are based on the stipulated
activities of the agencies. Conclusions were made on the fact that these
infrastructures lack maintenance culture which has led to their deteriorations,
while recommendations were suggested on the possible sustainable actions and
activities for improvement in Ilorin and environs.
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
/BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The quality of a given environment is determined
to a large extent by the availability of several forms of urban infrastructures
and facilities which have been provided.
Therefore, the term Urban Infrastructures refer to structures, systems
and facilities serving a country, city or area; including the service and
facilities necessary for its economy to function. Infrastructures typically
characterize technical structures such as roads, bridges, tunnels, water
supply, sewers, electrical grids, telecommunication, etc. And as well can be
defined as the physical components of interrelated systems providing
commodities and services essential to enable, sustain, or enhance societal
living condition, (Infrastructure – Wikipedia, 2016).
According to Abrams (1967), Urban
Infrastructure refers to basic equipment, utilities, production enterprises,
instruments and services which are provided essentially for the operation and
growth of a city or nation. This means that urban infrastructures are those
facilities that aid productivity and directly ameliorate the quality of life of
residents.
In view of the above, we can see that Urban
Infrastructures comprise of such transportation facilities as roads, rail,
bridges and airports; public utilities such as electricity, water, drainage
systems and telephone services. It also includes community services such as
educational and health centers, recreational facilities and postal service
among others.
Maintenance as it relates to Urban
Infrastructure pre–supposes a calculated attempt to support, sustain or uphold
the available facilities, (www.iiste.org). It includes all efforts aimed at
ensuring that the available infrastructural facilities are kept in a workable
or acceptable condition or state for its present and intended use.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It has become increasingly apparent that a
paradoxical situation is emerging with respect to Urban Infrastructures and
their services in Nigeria. On one hand, a huge demand for urban Infrastructures
has resulted from rapid urbanization; on the other, existing infrastructures
are falling into disrepair before completing their design life. Operation and
Maintenance has been identified by many as the key to enhancing the sustainability
of the existing Urban Infrastructures. However, there is a general lack of
understanding by some people about the role of operation, maintenance and
sustainability in the context of good governance and administration. This therefore
calls for the study of the maintenance operation of the Urban Infrastructures in
Ilorin metropolis.
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The Aim of this project is to explore the
constraints and prerequisite to effective operations, maintenance and
Sustainability of Urban Infrastructures and services in Ilorin metropolis.
The objectives of the study are as follow:
1. To
investigate the magnitude of urban Infrastructures in Ilorin metropolis;
2. To investigate
the facilities provided for the urban infrastructures and their maintenance;
3. Also
looks at the existing condition and the operational services of the existing
urban Infrastructures;
4. To
determine the sustainable ways of improvement.
1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
The importance of this project is to study the
effective ways and procedures of maintaining the Urban Infrastructures in Ilorin
metropolis. This implies that, under good maintenance culture, the Infrastructures
should fulfill the design life of which they are intended; during the tender
life of the structures, deterioration should not take place under any ill use,
worst loading conditions, fatigue, weather or other conditions. And also the
deformation of the members of the infrastructures must not cause the structures
to lose value from appearance, durability or the performance of the structures
before completing their design life.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Basically, the scope of this project is to
study the operation, maintenance and sustainability of urban Infrastructures.
The Urban Infrastructures discussed in the study are Transportation facilities
which include the Road and Rail Transportation systems; Public Utilities which
include Electricity, water supply and solid waste management facilities;
Drainage facilities and Sewerage.
1.5 DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA
Ilorin is the State Capital of Kwara in the
North-central Geo-political zone of Nigeria. It is situated at 8.50
North latitude, 4.550 East longitude and 290 meters elevation above the
sea level, (Ilorin-Wikipedia, 2016). Ilorin had a population of 781,934 as of
2006 National census, with a population projection of 908,490 in 2011, (NPCN
web). Ilorin comprises of mainly three local Governments, which are: Ilorin
east, Ilorin South and Ilorin west with their capital in Oke-Oyi, Fufu and
Oja-Oba respectively. With the population projection in Ilorin, this makes it
the 13th largest city in Nigeria by population and also one of the
most Urbanized city in the country covering a total of 295 square miles (765
square kilometers), (Ilorin-Wikipedia, 2016).
1.6 METHODOLOGY
The method used in carrying out this project
includes Document reviews, Structured Interviews and Participants/Personal
Observations. It involves consultation to the required Ministries and
Corporation such as the Kwara State Ministry of Works and Transport, Kwara
State Road Maintenance Agency (KWARMA), Ministry of Water Resources, The
Nigeria Railway Corporation, Ibadan Electricity Distribution Company (IBEDC), etc.
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