ABSTRACT
This
project is to look at the influence of leadership and the contribution of
organisational performance in our society. Nowadays, an organisation’s Human
Resource constitute one of it’s main type for transforming intention into
reality in an efficient and effective manner, resulting eventually in the
actualization of the organisation’s objectives. The employee of any
organisation are not productive and the manner of carrying out their activities
as a group is below expectation when leadership is not effectively and
efficiently carry out. Thereby having bad/negative effect on the organisational
performance. My project study is mainly concern with those factor that
contributed to performances in organisation and identifying the problems of
leadership.
My
finding from the study shall be made available. For future learning activities
especially where people are inspired and motivated and used to achieved result.
This is just the secret of high productivity in organisation leadership and
organisational performance. It also attempts to establish performance
indications of social responsibility functions as a crucial factor of business
or organisation success in the emerging world.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page
Certification i
Dedication ii
Acknowledgment iii
Abstract iv
Table of Contents v
Chapter One
1.1
Introduction 1
1.2
Statement of Problem 4
1.3
Purpose of the Study 5
1.4
Hypothesis 6
1.5
Scope and Limitation 7
Chapter Two
2.0 Literature
Review 8
2.1 leadership 8
2.2 Characteristics
and Qualities of a Leader 9
2.3
The
Situational/Structure Approach 16
2.4
Organisational
Performance Management Systems 17
2.5
Motivation 22
2.6
Type of Leadership
Style 28
2.7
Comparism of the Three
Style of Leadership 30
2.8
The Theory of
Motivation 31
2.9
Factors Affecting Job
Attitude 35
2.10
View of Other Theorist
38
2.11
Organisational
Performance and Development in
West African
Examination Council/Centre 40
Chapter Three
3.0
Motivation and
Leadership in West African
Examination
Council 45
3.1 History of the
Council 45
3.2
The Structure of the
Council 48
3.3
The Council’s Examination 48
3.4
Factors Affecting
Leadership and the
Organisation
Performance Communication
3.5
Motivating Workers in West African Examination Council 51
Chapter Four
4.0 Data Analysis
and Interpretation 57
4.1 Analysis 57
4.2 Analysis of
Hypothesis/Testing 61
4.3 Findings 64
Chapter Five
5.0 Summary,
Conclusion and Recommendations 70
5.1
Summary 70
5.2
Conclusion 72
5.3
Recommendation 73
References 74
Questionnaire 76
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In management of human resource
leadership play a vital role and organisational performance determine the
growth and development of an organisation.
One of the major problems in our society is how to lead people to
perform their duties effectively. It is not very easy since many people derive
only a minimal sense of accomplishment in what they do in their various
organisation.
Understanding the concept of
leadership is very important. Many workers leave for other organisation or
leave their place of duty because of disagreement, lack of self esteem, lack of
adequate communication between leaders and followers and bad management. These
observation are general. Therefore there is a need for understanding the
subject as such it is necessary to find out the problems and hence give
recommendations to them.
For a leader to achieve his aim
there is the need to accomplish some certain task. A good leader must be
interested in people. He must spend time with people instead of things. He must
take on interest in the career and progress of his subordinates. He should hold
his team sympathetically in check when enthusiasm tend to step over the mark.
It is only when each member of
staff has been stimulated to the point that he can give his best. Thereby the
organisation’s performance will improve. House define leadership
organizationally and narrowly as the ability of an individual to influence,
motivate and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success
of the organisation of which they are members. Organizationally leadership
impact the effectiveness of cost, revenue generation, services satisfaction,
earning market value share price, social capital motivation, engagement and
sustainability. Leadership is the ability of an individual to set an example
for other and lead from the front. It is an attribute that influence the
environment. (Wikipedia.org)
Also leadership is the process
of getting to know both the self and other(s) and establishing a relationship
of mutual trust and awareness for the purpose of working together to reach a
common goal. (Susan Wright & Carol Mackinna 2003)
Organisational performance can
be regarded to be the achievement, product, characteristic or behavior of an
establishment. Concerning what is meant for or in respect to the aims and
objective of that establishment to that of the enabling environment. To know
this we must understand that the organisation is a work place in which people
of different background come together as a team to achieve a common goal.
However Organisation performance
can be determine by the way the people of the organisation behave i.e. the
behaviour of the human resources. The roles of leaders, and employees are becoming
difficult. Many leaders are now imploring the ideas of employee into
decision-making processes rather than simply follow order. For better
achievement need. (Organisation behaviour Stephen Robbins & N. Langtin).
McClleland learned Needs Theory
is called ACHIEVEMENT NEED, POWER NEED AND AFFILIATION NEED. He asserts that a
unique thing about achiever is ability to think that is they spend a lot of
time thinking.
Rennis Likert. (The Human
Organisation). He advocate the ideal organisation and developed a system which
placed a greater emphasis on the morale of employees and on their need to
interact within work group.
Chris Argyris: (Psychology of
the individual) His theory is centres on the “the matured individual” and the
integration of individual and the organisation, Elton mayor one of the father
of humanistic organisation and is the intellectual starting point of the
humanistic view of the organisation with his work known as the Hawthrone
studies, Burns and Stalker. Gartt;H.L. (Task and Bonus System) and others.
The assumption is that
leadership determine the efficacy of an organisational performance. Research
work is design to show the role of leadership in an organisation and to check
the behaviour, factors that contributed to performances of organisation lacking
into problems of leadership and profer solution.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It has been observed and
identified that the major problem of various organisation is that leaders fail
to carry out their duty effectively, to save guard the interest of the. Human
Resource need. Many leaders seems not to have interest of the workers at heart
in their organisation, lack of motivation. No or low training and development
of workers in order to update the skill and to meet the new challenges. Adequate
maintenance of the human resources are not put in place, in-ability to
establish indicators to monitor process and provide feed back to people
involved in the achievement of goal and objectives.
Some of the problems faced by
most organisations are quest for the best approach to creating a good
leadership style, motivational technique, effective communication, compensation
and adequate remuneration to employee and labour relations.
These are the areas to focus on
because of the poor nature of the relationship between workers and the
management. Effective and efficient organisational performance could not be
attain.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
It is true that several efforts
has been made to enhance the effectiveness of workers to boast the growth and
development of the organisation. But the fact is that all these efforts have
proved abortives and has not been for reaching. Therefore this research work is
designed to throw more light on the courses, effect and how to motivate and
lead workers in organisation. To look at the influence of leadership and those
contribution of organisational performance in our society.
For these reason the purpose of
the study is to:
1.
How to show
significance of leadership as a tool for successful organisational performance
2.
How to ascertain which
leadership style and is most acceptable or vital in an organisation
3.
How to check problems
associated with administration and the leadership style employed in an
organisation
4.
How to know whether
motivation affect workers performance
5.
How often training can
be carry out for workers in organisation
6.
Are there cordial
relationship, good communication, compensation and adequate remuneration are
given to workers.
1.4 HYPOTHESIS
1.
H0: Cordial Relationship between subordinate and
superior improve organisation performance.
H1: Cordial
Relationship between subordinates and superior does not help to improve
organisation performance.
2.
H0: Leadership style have positive
influence on performance
H1: Leadership style does not have positive
influences on performance
3.
H0: Staff training helps to improve
organisational performance
H1: Staff
training does not help to improve organisational performance
4.
H0: Open supervision in an organisation motivate
workers.
H1: Open
supervision in an organisation does not motivate workers
5.
H0: Provision of history and transport facilities
motivate workers.
H1: Provision
of history and transport facilities does not motivate workers
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
Although
this research study is to reflect the situation in various organisation so that
the efficiency and productivity of the leadership is enhanced and good labour
relation is promoted by the outcome of organisation performance. The target for
the study population is supposed to be all the private organisations, corporate
individuals and also government parastatals but because time constraint. This
is limited to the worker and Management representatives of West African
Examination Council Yaba. Lagos
WAEC.
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