TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
1.1.
Background to the Study
1.2. Statement of the Problem
1.3.
Purpose of the Study
1.4. Research Questions
1.5. Hypotheses
1.6. Significance of the Study
1.7. Scope of the Study
1.8. Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Conceptual Framework on Juvenile
Delinquency and Family Structure
2.2 Theories of Juvenile Delinquency
2.2.1 The
Theoretical Anchorage Social Control
2.2.2 Bio-Psychological Criminology
2.2.3 Sociological Theories of Crime and Delinquency
2.2.4 Social Disorganization Theory
2.2.5 Control Theories of Crime and Delinquency
2.2.6 Radical and Conflict Theory of Crime and
Delinquency
2.3 Conceptual
Issues
2.4 Family
Types and Forms of Juvenile Delinquency
2.4.1 Single Parent Versus Double
Parents Families
2.4.2 Monogamous
Versus Polygamous Families
2.5. Parenting Styles, Adolescents,
Delinquency
2.5.1 Gender
2.5.2 Age
2.5.3 School
Location
2.6. Family
Issue and Juvenile Delinquency
2.6.1 Youth and Crime
2.6.2 Family Instability and Youth Crime
2.6.3 Family Socio – Economic Status
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODLOGY
3.1. Research Design
3.2. Area of Study
3.3. Population
3.4. Sample Size And Sampling Procedure
3.5 Research
Instrument
3.6 Validity
of the Instruments
3.7 Reliability of the Instrument
3.8 Procedure
for Data Collection
3.9 Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS
4.1 Hypotheses Testing
4.1.1 Hypothesis One:
4.1.2 Hypothesis Two
4.1.3 Hypothesis Three
4.1.4 Hypothesis Four
4.2 Summary of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
5.3 Counseling Implication
5.4 Suggestions for further studies
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.2.
Background
to the Study
Juvenile delinquency
has become a cankerworm which has eaten deep into the fabric of our educational
system. This problem has always attracted the attention of educational
psychologist. Teachers parent and other experts on educational development in
our nation. According to (Olusakin, 2003) the incidences of juvenile
anti-social behaviour have tremendously increased in intensity and magnitude in
recent years. The high percentage of recurrence of delinquent acts has become
the concern of parents, teachers, social workers and psychologists. All are
anxious to minimize its rising trend in the society. It is needless to mention
that thousands of youth are misled and spoil their lives in anti-social
behaviour causing damage to the national property. The problem has posed a
serious concern for all persons who believe in healthy and harmonious
development of human personality all over the world. The teachers, parents and
others, who are interested in social welfare and are responsible for shaping
the personality of young generation, must understand the phenomenon of
delinquency so that they may take appropriate measure to check it.
It is very
difficult to reach unanimity as regards the definition of the term delinquency
because the term is an umbrella for a wide variety of socially disapproved
behavior that varies with the time, place and cultural variance in
socio-economic and political of a country. All agree that every society
prescribes a sets of norm, which it expects that all its members should
faithfully follow but those who violate the social norms and behave in
antisocial manner are called
delinquents.
In Nigeria today
delinquency is evident in the behaviour of youth as they break parental rule
school regulations and societal laws. Juvenile delinquency has given rise to
offences ranging from violation of disciplinary measures of parents to truancy,
stealing, assaults, robbery and other socially unacceptable acts. In the
Nigerian secondary schools juvenile delinquency have increased in number. Much
abnormal behaviour that are rampant in juvenile delinquents are disobedience,
case of rape, and other acts of gangsterism, which are also the resultant
effect of broken homes. The problem of juvenile has become a national affair,
which prompted the government to build remand homes and engaged the services of
social welfare officers, thus spending a lot of money to cater for them.
It is disheartening to
know that juvenile delinquency has also found it’s way into virtually all the
secondary school in Mainland Local Government Area of Lagos State, if one walks
on the street of Mainland Local Government Area during school hours what you
will see are students roaming about the neighbourhood when they ought to be in
classes for less some delve into immoral acts like smoking, drinking, fighting
and even prostitution during school hours. A case in point was that of two
students of Lagos City College, Sabo. These students engaged each others in
physical combat on the highway, just opposite their school, they used bottles
on each other, it took the effort of fellow students and other passerby to
quell what could have resulted to loss of life.
On another
occasion, students from the same school ganged up with students from another
school to sexually assault a student teacher training in Lagos City College.
These are just some of the few cases of juvenile delinquency in secondary
schools of Mainland Local Government Area studies have been carried out to
ascertain the causes of juvenile delinquency among students. Also many
theoretical models have been developed to explain the causes of juvenile
delinquency Lombrosso and Davies in Bolarin (1995) put forward the biological
and physiological explanation for delinquency
Juvenile crime
denotes various offences committed by children or youth under the age of
eighteen; such acts are denoted as juvenile delinquency. Children offences
typically include delinquent acts, which would be considered as criminal acts
if committed by adults.
In Nigeria and
global society, the family is an important factor to be considered wherever
juvenile delinquency is being examined.
Researchers like Nwadinigwe (2000), Amos (2001), Ikulayo (2003), and
Odunukwe (2008) agreed that much of what a child learns is through the members
of their respective households. Family
units take a variety of forms, all of which involve individuals living under
one roof. The family form or structure does not indicate how healthy the family
is or how they function. The family form is merely the physical make-up of the
family members in relationship to each other without respect to roles and
function. Family type include monogamous (one husband one wife and children
polygamous one husband wives and children) and single parent which consists of
only one parent (mother or father)and dependent children. Some of this results
from legal separation, desertion, pregnancy outside marriage or death of a
parent. Family size is closely related to the types of family. It could either
be nuclear which consists of father, mother and one or more children. The children
may be biological or adopted and extended including all the immediate relatives
of a family such as parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins.
Sometimes they live together or near each other. Family size can either be
small or large, that is number of the family. Family structure includes
intact-the two parents living together, sharing parental responsibilities on
their children, they have more time to spend with their children because they
share tasks of running the household; widow done parent is dead, leaving the
responsibilities or the children on the other parent that is alive, and
separated-due to legal separation (divorce), desertion of either parent or
having a child/children outside marriage vows. Njoku (2004) believed that
“family is the core of the society and whatever the family is, that is who its
society is”. The indication here is that there is a critical link between
children's growth, adjustment and the quality of their parent's relationship
and the society at large. Characteristics of the home environment such as
warmth, emotional availability stimulation, family cohesion and day-to-day
activities are sources of a wholesome personality. The researcher therefore
intend to investigate the influence
of parenting styles on adolescent juvenile delinquency in urban area of
Lagos state, with reference to Mushin Local Government
Area of Lagos State.
1.2. Statement
of the Problem
The increase of juvenile
delinquency among secondary school students in Mushin Local Government Area is
a matter of great concern to many. Since the youth of today are the future
leaders of tomorrow. If these notorious acts of juvenile delinquency are not
checked it will ruin the progress of the nation when these set of children become
the leaders of tomorrow of our great country. Many studies have been carried
out to explain the causes of this phenomenon. However, little is known about
the effect of broken homes on secondary school students.
1.4.
Purpose of
the Study
The aim of this
is to determine the influence of parenting type on juvenile delinquency among selected
secondary students in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State. To achieve
this aim the study will:
(1)
Investigates the relationship between family type and
juvenile delinquency of student beneficiaries.
(2)
Finds out whether significant difference exists between
family type and juvenile delinquency among adolescents from single parents and
those of both parents.
(3)
Determines the difference between family type and
juvenile delinquency among adolescents from monogamous and polygamous families.
(4)
Examines the relationship between family type and
juvenile delinquency among adolescents from high and low parental socio –
economic status.
1.4. Research
Questions
The study
provide answer to the following research questions.
1. Is
there any relationship between family type and juvenile delinquency among
selected secondary school students in MushinLocal Government Area of Lagos
State?
2. Would
there be any difference between family type and juvenile delinquency among
adolescents from single parents and those of both parents?
3. What
will be the difference between family type and juvenile delinquency among
adolescents from monogamous and polygamous families?
4. Is
there any relationship between family type and juvenile delinquency among
adolescents from high and low parental socio – economic status?
1.5. Hypotheses
The following
hypotheses were tested in the study:
(1) There
will be no significant relationship between family type and juvenile
delinquency among secondary school students in Mushin Local Government Area of
Lagos State.
(2) There
will be no significant difference in juvenile delinquency rate among
adolescents from single – parents and those of both parents.
(3) There
will be no significant difference in juvenile delinquency rate among
adolescents from monogamous and polygamous families
(4) There
will be no significant relationship between family type and juvenile high and
low parental socio – economic status.
1.6. Significance
of the Study
The outcome of
this study will create awareness to all stakeholders on the need for adequate
re-orientation of youths. This is required to reduce juvenile crime rates in the
society.
The study will
enlighten students and broaden their knowledge about the incidence and dynamic
of juvenile delinquency in Nigeria society.
The study will
also serve as a source of reference for researchers in the field of education
and psychology.
It is also hope
that the study will sensitize parents to regard child’s training as a first
priority order.
Lastly, the
recommendations to be offer here will help to foster social development of
juveniles if they could be fully implemented.
1.7. Scope
of the Study
This study
covered selected senior secondary school students in Mushin Local Government
Area of Lagos State.
1.8. Definition
Of Terms
Juvenile
delinquency: Juvenile delinquency is an act of wrong doing neglect of duty by a
young person. It is also a known as any misbehaviour that is complex and which
is culturally bad to mention, which is committed by a young person.
Family: A family
is a social institution. It is the primary socialization agent and basic social
unit which is bound by blood and marriage relations. It is the first social
contact in any human groupings. Some sociologists see the family as the
microcosm (or a replica) of a society.
Broken homes: Broken homes
are a situation in which a family disintegrates or separates. It is a social
problem relating to the juvenile delinquency. It involves circumstances such as
divorce, separation, dissertation and annulment of marriage.
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