ABSTRACT
This research work is conducted to
determine the impact of employee participation in the decision making in an
organization (A Case Study of Freedom Group of Company, Benin City). It is
imperative to state that the style adopted by any organization have impact on
the employees motivation positively or negatively. Data were collected through
the use of questionnaire and oral interview alongside. The data collected were
carefully analyzed using statistical method such as chi-square method. Based on
the analysis data, the following findings were made that employees should be
involved in decision making process rather than acting on orders. Employees
participation is part of a process of empowerment in the organization. it is
important for employees to participate effectively in decision making in the
organization in order to strengthen their level of influences to all existing
structures in the organization. the study revealed that the perception of a
management decision by employees could affect the growth and expansion of the
organization. it is therefore recommended that any organization that want to
survive and meet up with better and efficient management, should practice its
importance and this cannot be overemphasized in any organization.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Abstract
Table of
Contents
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1
Background to the Study
1.2
Statement of the Problem
1.3
Objective of the Study
1.4
Research Questions
1.5
Statement of Hypothesis
1.6
Scope of the Study
1.7
Significance of the Study
1.8
Limitation of the Study
1.9
Definition of Terms
Chapter Two: Literature Review
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Definition of Decision Making
2.3
Importance of Decision Making to an Organization
2.4
Theories of Decision Making
2.5
Types of Decision Making
2.6
Tools and Techniques to Improve Decision Making
in an Organization
2.7
Decision Making Process (PDM)
2.8
Factors that Influence Participation and Incentive for
Promoting Employees Performance in an Organization
2.9
Reason for the Failure of Employee Involvement in
Decision Making and Positive Impact of Employees Participation in Decision
Making in an Organization
2.10
Summary of the Review
Chapter Three: Research Methodology
3.1
Introduction
3.2
Research Design
3.3
Population of the Study
3.4
Sample/Sampling techniques
3.5
Instrumentation
3.6
Method of Data Collection
3.7
Method of Data Analysis
Chapter Four: Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Data Presentation and Interpretation
4.3
Data Analysis and Test of Hypothesis
Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1
Introduction
5.2
Summary
5.3
Conclusion
5.4
Recommendations
References
Appendix I
Appendix II
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Decision
making whether in private life, clubs, government, military, educational
institutions or in business organizations have the same essential functions. It
is primarily a tool for problems solving.
It is
a daily phenomenon, which every rational human being cannot avoid. Decision
making could involve such simple and uncomplicated issues as deciding on what
to take for breakfast or selecting an outfit to wear to a dinner party. It
could also involve complex and strategic issues such as an entrepreneur
deciding on when and how to carry out an attack.
However,
whatever issue is involved there is one central point which cannot be ignored,
which is the existence of various alternatives relevant to the problem from
which the decision maker must choose one i.e. the best among all the
alternatives. This choice demands a conscious and deliberate effort on the part
of the decision maker.
Traditionally,
people rely on judgement and intuition in making decisions. In the modern
context as a result of advancement in technology, science and business
development, a systematic and consistent way of making optional decision making
which makes use of highly qualitative tools such as mathematical models,
computer etc. The use of judgement and intuition is still relevant in the
modern context in that, they serve as compliment to the scientific approach.
Decision
making is so important in our daily lives that adopting laisefare attitudes in
the formulation could result to a grave consequence. Government are known to
have fallen because of wrong decisions. Also, another wise business unit could
be crippled into bankruptcy because of wrong decisions. Therefore, for any
individual, corporate body or government to function well, sound decision is
imperative.
Making
decisions demands recognizing the basic fact that a situation exists which
calls for a change. This change when effected in bound could affect others. In
other words, decision making affect group objectives. this is why people tend
to resist new decisions especially in a business organization. This is so
because, workers have various objectives, which narrows the
workers/organizational objectives.
There
is no better way to this than to follow a logical sequence of decision making,
making use of all available modern techniques in gathering and analyzing
information. The benefit of doing this is to outstrip the cost in terms of both
medium and long range benefits accruing.
Since
decision making has become of the most important functions of management study,
it is the researchers believe that thorough examination of all facts of this
concept will prove most rewarding to Nigeria business organization.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
·
How
does decision making have impact on the operations of Freedom Group of Company,
Benin City.
·
How
do workers react to decision made by the management?
·
What
role has decision making played in the motivation of the workers?
·
How
are decisions made in Freedom Group of Company, Benin City? Are they democratic
or autocratic?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The
objectives of the study are;
·
To
determine whether decision making affects the operations of Freedom Group of
Company, Benin City.
·
To
find out whether workers react to decisions made by management.
·
To
also find out the role decision making plays in the motivation of the workers.
·
To
ascertain whether decisions made in Freedom Group of Company, Benin City are
democratic or autocratic.
1.4 Research Questions
The study
shall attempt to answer the following research questions;
·
Does
decision making process in business organization affect performance?
·
How
can the workers access the quality of decision making in the organization?
·
Does
decision making affect the operation of the organizations?
·
Does
the organization inform the employees before taking routine decision?
1.5 Statement of Hypothesis
The
research is motivated by the desire to move the validity of some basic
assumptions on the impact of decision making process in business organizations,
such hypothesis formulated include:
Hypothesis One
HO: There
is no significant relationship between organization’s objectives and decision
making.
HI: There
is significant relationship between organization’s objective and decision
making.
Hypothesis Two
HO: There
is no significant relationship between workers attitude to work and decision
made by management.
HI: There
is significant relationship between workers attitude to work and decision made
by management.
Hypothesis Three
HO: There
is no significant relationship between motivation of workers and decision
making.
HI: There
is significant relationship between motivation workers and decision making.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This
research work is restricted to the examination of the basic concepts of
decision making with specified reference to business organizations. The
researcher would as from time refers to the mathematical models. Actual
mathematical models, actual mathematical calculations would be indulged into
this topic. The researcher would examine the following concepts;
·
The
meaning of decision making
·
Types
of decision
·
Decision
making process
·
Decision
·
Improvement
of decision making process
Though,
there are many organizations in Nigeria, the researcher chooses to limit this
study to Freedom Group of Company, Benin City.
1.7 Significance of the Study
The
significance of this study is to serve as a guide to business organization on
how to make useful and worthwhile decisions by exposing them to the various
methods and processes involved. This work is equally of value to the casual
readers who are interested in providing more about concept of decision making.
It is
hope that this study will make concrete recommendations on the decision making
process in business organization and also form the basis of decision making
process in business organization.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
There
were series of problems or obstacles to this study in the course of carrying
out this research. Many of the questionnaire administered was not returned.
There was also difficulty in scouting for books that are relevant to the study.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Decision: A decision is the selection of alternative course of action
from available alternatives.
Decision Making: This is the process of identifying and selecting a course of
action to solve a specific problem.
Organization: An organization is a group of people bound together to
provide unity of action for the achievement of a predetermined objective.
Management: These concerned in managing a business, company, industry,
enterprises, firms etc
Strategic Decision: These are decisions which are concerned with external rather
than internal problems of the firm.
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