ABSTRACT
Nigeria has been engulfed in one form of crisis or
another in the past and recent times what has made the past administration situation
so alarming is that the concentrated power has been deployed sectionally.
It is Been in the appointment of the only people from a
particular section of the position in the federal cabinet, ministries and
corporations even in the security service and the diplomatic corporation. The
crisis generated by the constricted and construed political space-facilitated
by the constitution which ought to be collective will of the people.
Nigeria's federalism, as at today is completely distorted,
the distortion is responsible for the intemperate and vociferous agitation
restructuring the economy to reflect the letter and spirit of true federal
principle which is embedded in a lot of thing.
In any federal state, a formula is usually used to share
the revenue of the federation between the federal and the component units
government on one hand and among the government of the component units on the
others. The 1999 constitution has done nothing much to curtail the powers of
the federal government behemoth, that constitution had devolved very little
power to the state and local government councils.
The struggle for a true federalism and intergovernmental
relations must be won, for Nigeria to remain as one nation and the equality in
the division of politcat power. Lastly, the practice of federalism and
intergovernmental relations in Nigeria, should be done in a way that the
component units (the statu and local governments) will have a feeling of
oneness, equal division of political power at various levels of governments for
there to be growth and development in all areas of jurisdiction in the
Nation-Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Abstract
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
of the study
1.2 Statement of
the problem
1.3 Objectives
of the study
1.4 Research
questions
1.5 Research
hypotheses
1.6 Scope/Limitation
of the study
1.7 Significance
of the study
1.8 Definition
of terms
1.9 Organization
of study
CHAPTER TWO:
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Conceptual
Clarification
2.1 Historical
background of federalism in Nigeria
2.2 Evolution of
Inter-governmental Relations in Nigeria
2.3 Fiscal
Federalism
2.4 Theoretical
Framework
2.5 Constitution
provision of division of political power
Between
the federating states under the 1999 Nigeria constitution
2.6 Over
centralization of political power at the centre
2.7 Issues of
creation of additional Local Government Council
2.8 Inter-governmental
fiscal relations in Nigeria
CHAPTER
THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Restatement
of Research questions and hypotheses
3.2 Research
design
3.3 Population
of the study
3.4 Sample and
sampling techniques
3.5 Research
Instrument
3.6 Administration
of Research Instrument
3.7 Method of
Data Analysis
CHAPTER
FOUR:
PRESENTATION AND
ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.0 Introduction
4.1 Data
Analysis
4.2 Respondent
characteristics and classification
4.3 Presentation
and Analysis of data according to test of hypotheses
4.4 Discussion
of findings
CHAPTER
FIVE:
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In the early colonial days, Nigeria was administered as a
Unitary State until 1946 when Richard constitution introduced regionalism,
although the regional legislatures that were set up as a consequences of
regionalism had severely limited legislative power since then, Nigeria has been
administered as a FEDERAL STATE, except for a brief period in 1960, when the
late general Aguiyi-Ironsi tried to re-introduce Unitarism but failed. But before the colonial days, the amalgation
of the two Nigerian groups in the year 1914 “formed the basic for the evolution
of Nigerian’s federalism (Winseh and Olowu 1995).
Inspite of the cultural Socio-economic political and
educational disparities between the various ethnic nationalities that existed
in the two protectorates, it is significant to note that during the colonial
administration the educated elites then supported the adoption of federalism,
because they felt that a federal system would enhance national unit and
integrations of the component parts of the country. However, subsequent development has been
generally acknowledged as fundamental elements of federal system in Nigeria. There was also in place emergence of new
authoritarian structures and strong disposition of centralization of state
power and resources. These inconsistence
and problems have similarly precipitated controversies that continue to form
national discourse on the nature of and suitability of the federal system in
Nigeria.
Federalism was established just for the purpose of
sharing political power between the central government and its component and
its component units (state and local government) with the aim of each component
units being independent and with a will of its own apparatus of conduct of
conduct of its own affairs. Permit me to
say, that the term federalism is a form of government where the component units
of a political organization participate in sharing powers and functions in a
cooperative manner. And thereafter a
mutual relationship should be found among the three tiers and arms of
government and this is what we called Inter-governmental
relations.
According to Anderson (1960) he sees inter-governmental
relations as a term intended to designate an important body of activities or
interactions occurring between governmental units of all types and levels
within the federal system; He went further to say that inter-governmental
relations are close associates with federalism.
Research on federalism and inter-governmental relations has for long
been of interest to scholars and researchers. It is based on this premises that
a research on federalism is worth pursuing.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
One of the Nigeria problems all started from the military
rule and people say that our major problem in Nigeria context started since fifteen
years of military rule had left the nation's economy blighted and since then
even when Obasanjo resumed as the president of Nigeria in a civilian way the
story still did not change for better.
A federating state like Nigeria, power that exist like the
political power ought to be shared between the central government, state government
and local government. The sharing pattern of political power into various units
of government is one of the problems in the Nigeria federalism, where the federal
government is seen as the lord of all to the other tiers of government. The
distribution of revenue allocation in Nigeria has not been properly shared to
the various tiers in time past. One of the features of federalism is that a
state has the right to create its own local government. Base on the above
statements the following questions will be considered. How is the nature
character of Nigeria politics?
How has federalism and intergovernmental relations being
operated in Nigeria, especially in the Lagos State environment and federal
government during the past administration?
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Federalism simply talks about sharing of power among the government,
while inter-governmental relations involve the interaction seen between the
units of government.
This research work is too see how federalism and inter- governmental
relations can be well articulated, executed and produce good result when the
federal state and local government work together in unity and love.
Also, to find out the cause and profound solutions to the
problems of true federalism and inter-governmental relations among the tiers of
government.
Furthermore, this study aims at spelling out the role of
state government over the issue of creation of new local government. Lastly, to
find out how the federal government reacted towards the Lagos State government
over local government
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1 Is there any relationship between
federalism and performance of the three tiers of government in Nigeria?
2 To what extent does federalism affect
inter-governmental relations in Nigeria?
3 What is the relationship between
inter-governmental relations and socio-economics development?
4 What is the
effect of Nigeria federalism on state creation?
1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH
HYPOTHESES
The following hypotheses were raised in process of this
research study. They are:
Hypothesis 1
Ho: There
is relationship between federalism and the performance of three
tiers of government
in Nigeria.
Hi: There
is no relationship between federalism and the performances of
three tiers of
government in Nigeria.
Hypothesis 2:
Ho: There
is significant relationship between federalism and
Inter-governmental
relations in Nigeria
Hi: There
is no significant relationship between federalism and
inter-governmental
relations in Nigeria.
Hypothesis 3:
Ho: There is relationship between the
inter-governmental relationship and
socio-economics
development.
Hi: There is no relationship between the
inter-governmental relations and
social-economics
development.
Hypothesis 4:
Ho: There is significant relationship between
Nigeria federalism on state creation.
Hi: There is no significant relationship
between the Nigeria federalism on state creation.
1.6 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This study is limited to Lagos State environment. Where the relationship between the past
federal governmental and Lagos state governmental will discussed.
Also, how resources and revenue allocation are both shared
among the states, local government and federal government through the
constitution and how it was distributed in the past tenure.
Also, a number of unavoidable limitations due to natural
and other factors were experienced during my research work. Filling and returning of the questionnaires,
I spent much money in transportation, printing of materials and the time I was
to collect the questionnaires from the respondent as well, couple with the bad
road in Nigeria.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study is significant because it will serve as a
guide to the federal government to know how to involve the other component into
the national programme and then encourage them to always given in their
contribution to the growth and development of the nation and also for each
component, they will be independent to themselves without the dictates of other
units.
This study will also serve as a guide to our upcoming
administrators and politicians in school to know how to regulate the government
both in easy times and tough times when they occupy the positions.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Federalism: federalism is as
a process of which separate political communities enter into an agreement of
working out a solution, adopting joint decision on joint problems.
Inter-Governmental
Relations: It can be defined as the
effective and efficient relationship among the tiers of government and which in
return will bring about development into a state.
Constitution: Is a system of
laws and basic principles that a state is governed by.
Fiscal
Federalism:
It can be defined as the division of public sector functions and
finances among different tiers of government.
Revenue: Is the
income of a government form all sources, used to pay for a nation’s expenses.
Derivative
Formula: This is a stipulated pattern used in
distributing apportioned revenues to the various components of government in a
federal state.
Federation
Account:
It simply means the exercise of revenue sharing to each level of
government with guaranteed percentage from the central pool.
1.9 ORGANISATION OF STUDY
This research comprises five pages the introduction – the
background of the study up to the last page definition of the terms.
The second chapter is the Literature review where various
books relating to the topic were discussed accurately.
The chapter three is the research
methodology – where several samples and samples
and methods used in extracting information were carried out and responses
gotten were clearly stated.
The fourth chapter is the
presentation and analysis of data. Here, the results gotten from the
questionnaires and other sources like text books, journals, newspaper e.t.c
were explained accordingly.
The last page which is the chapter five encompasses the summary, conclusion and recommendation of the
whole study.
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