ABSTRACT
Electronic dice game is an electromechanical
device that is constructed to prevent falseful act of the cubic dice games by
falseful players.
The device comprises of electronic component that
are properly soldered together by soldering process with the aid of soldering
lead and soldering iron of require voltage value with their power connected in
parallel being connected to a 6 volts standard transformer that help to convert
the alternating voltage value to the require voltage for the electrical circuit
with the aid of turns, diode, capacitors and resistors in which the transformer
is made up. The output figure is displayed by the light emitting diode display
due to the simulation of figures by the counter when the electrical circuit is
properly and completely connected by pressing the push button (switch).
The device was constructed with the following
objectives
-
To
cob the act of manipulation of the face of the cubic dice by the fraudulent
player.
-
To
improve the excitement and jinks of the game
-
To
improve the realistic nature of the game.
The device constructed meets up the expected
operation by performing the function it was constructed to perform and the
objective were not denied.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Contents
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
CHAPTER TWO
Circuits Analysis
2.1 Power Supply
2.2 Regulator
2.3 Clock
2.4 Counter
2.5 Decoder
2.6 Nand Gate
2.7 Digital display System
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Definition and function of
components
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Complete circuit Diagram
4.2 Construction
4.3 Testing and result
4.4 Result analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
Problems Encountered and Conclusion
5.1 Problem Encountered
5.2 Conclusion
References
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Dice are the oldest gaming instruments known to
human kind. Dice are small made in form of small cubes which are used in such
games of chance as craps and in games involving both chance and skill, such as
backgammon in which players bet on the outcome of casted number. Cubic die is the
oldest gambling implements known to human.
Cubic Perfect dice are symmetrical, with six faces
having equally rounded edges marked or stamped with dots, ranging from 1 to 6,
the sum of marks on opposite faces always equal to 7. Dice may be made of plastic,
bone, iron, wood, ceramics or other materials.
A player shakes the dice and tosses then on a
level surface. The output number is the one that faces upward after the dice
have settled. For a particular number 1 to 6 to turn up as the output figure
depends entirely on chances, so, skill is not really involved. In casting or
rolling a perfect die the chance that a specific spot will appear is 1 in 6 or
5 to 1 against its showing.
Dice games may be played for money or other goods
by gamblers called gamble and at leisure period as indoor games (such as Ludo
games and snake and ladder games).
Mathematical probability applying for playing
perfect dice games shows that when two dice are casting, a particular number
can appear in 36 ways (6x6) while with three dice 216 ways (6x6x6j and so on .
For this reason, players of perfect dice games can
estimate the risk involved before placing bet on dice playing games.
The possibility of loading or biasing cubic dice
in order to increase the probability of a particular face (number) being come
up as the output of the die has made the use of cubic dice for games and
gambles unacceptable and unreliable. This type of dice are normally used for
fraudulent act by fraudulent people. They normally have particular dice for
themselves while another one for other people.
In order to eradicate this fraudulent act among
the player or user of dice for game, perfect electronic dice is designed and
constructed.
Electronic dice can be defined as a device having
a display which is capable of displaying a number from 1 to 6 at a time
whenever the dice is played. Two or more of this display may be combined in
order to have two or more dice that can be played together.
Electronic dice comprises of capacitor, resistor,
press button, counter, Nand gate, decoder, and Light emitting diode display.
The counter and the Nand gate serve as the encoder
to encode the input signal from the clock to binary and send to the decoder to
decode it to decimal before it been sent to the light emitting diode to display
the output figure. There power are connected in parallel for equal voltage
value of 5volt to be supplied to them.
When the switch is on a signal from the clock (generator)
is sent to the counter to count up the signal, the decoder then decode the
input value from the counter to decimal and then the counter is wired to have a
counting sequences of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3 and so on.
The binary output from the counter is translated to seven segment code by the
decoder IC. The decoder also contains a seven segment LED (Light Emitting
Diode) display driver. The output device in this circuit is a light emitting
diode display. When the push-button switch is (press and release) opened, the
counter stops at a random number from 1 through 6. This stimulates the roll of
a single die. The binary number stored in the counter is decoded and show as a
decimal number on the display.
This circuit is double to simulate the rolling of
a pair of dice. There are two of these circuits to generate double signals at
different frequency in order to have two dice that can display different number
or the same number at a play.
Electronic die is a type of die that its output
number cannot be influenced by anybody once it is constructed. Despite the fact
that it is far bigger in size than the cubic die, its advantage concerning
fraudulent act over cubic die cannot be overemphasized.
The advantage of its bigness is the fact that it
cannot be replaced for fraudulent act unlike the ceramic cubic die which might
be loaded by fraudulent gamblers in order for frequent unfavorable figure to be
appearing when it is to be played by the opponent.
The disadvantage of the size is the inability to
carry is about unlike the small ceramic cubic die.
Digital dice unlike other dice cannot be
influenced in any way by the player, its displayed number is determined by the
frequency of the multivibrator and the number that which the counter is
counting is determined released of the switch. The frequency of the generator
is 600Hz that the player cannot determine the number at which to release the
switch because during pressing the display, displays figure 8. figure 8 is
display during the pressing because the rate at which the counter count the
number from 1 to 6 is so high that those counting number that is 1,2,3,4,5,6,
cannot be display separately during counting.
In chapter 2, the electronic dice circuit is fully
analyzed and chapter 3 shows the definition and functions of components while
in chapter 4, the complete circuit diagram, construction and testing with
analysis of the result is describe. Finally, in chapter 5, the problem
encountered and the conclusion is shown.
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