TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INSIGHT
INTO LIBRARY SYSTEM
1.2 HISTORICAL
OVERVIEW OF LIBRARY SYSTEM
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
1.4 OBJECTIVE
OF THE STUDY
1.5 SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
1.6
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1.7
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.8
DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
2.1
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.2
TYPES OF LIBRARY
CHAPTER
THREE
METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING
SYSTEM
3.1
SOURCE OF DATA
3.2
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.2.1 INTERVIEW
METHOD
3.2.2 OBSERVA
ION METHOD
3.1.3 RECORD
CONSULTATION
3.3 ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURE
3.4
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
3.5
ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
3.6 PROBLEMS
OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
4.4 INPUT
DDESIGN
4.5
JUSTIFICATION
4.7.1 THE
SUBMENU
4.8 SYSTEM
IMPLIMENTATION
4.9 CHANGE-OVER
PROCEDURE
4.10 SYSTEM
SPECIFICATION
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 SUMMARY
5.1 RECOMMENDATION
5.2 SYSTEM
MAINTENANCE
5.3 SUGGESTED
AREAS FOR FURTHER STUDIES
5.4 USER’S
MANUAL
REFERENCES
APPENDIX 1:
MAIN FORM
APPENDIX 2: ALGORITHM
OF EACH MODULE
APPPENDIX C: PROGRAM SOURCE CODES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INSIGHT INTO LIBRARY SYSTEM
A
library can be defined as a room or building where books are kept and
referenced. It is an area of multifarious activity on book management. A
library as a repository of knowledge, houses collections of books, both
reference and general, technical reports, periodicals, journals, conference
proceedings and the likes. Consequently, truth and knowledge can be found and
acquired from the library through the aforementioned sources. The information
contents of any of the collections can be recorded on microfilms, audiotapes,
microchips and other materials traditionally kept in the library, which is
charged with the responsibility of acquiring, organizing, maintaining, and
judicial circulation of the books and other library materials through the
various sections of the library, for efficient use of the library by the users.
The
acquisition, cataloguing, bindery and circulation sections of the library
undertake the acquiring, organizing, maintaining and circulation of the
books/library materials respectively. When the library through the acquisition
section of the library acquires a book, its record is taken and accession
number is given to the book after which the book will be sent to cataloguing
section of the library. Under this section, the book will be carefully studied
and given catalogue number before it will be sent to circulation section of the
library as the case may be. The circulation section is responsible for
circulation or distribution of books.
This
section also arranges the consulted books in the shelves.
There are other sections like
reference section, which provides reference questions and bibliographic
service, and serial section where periodical, journals and related materials
are kept. The library also houses special collections and also operates circulation
control in which books are lent to
users. In fact it is indeed a place of multifarious activities on book
management.
1.2 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF LIBRARY SYSTEM
Libraries
originated with writing about 6000 years ago and that was when writing was
being done using materials like bones, clay, wax, papyrus, metals, silk, leather,
parchment, paper, and other available materials. Later, these materials were
assembled together to form libraries.
Among the earliest libraries were ANCIENT LIBRARIES OF CLAY,
which emerged in Iraq and other Mesopotamian region like Syria and Turkey. In these
libraries, records were kept on clay tablets. Within that period were also
ANCIENT LIBRARIES OF ANIMAL SKIN and ANCIENT LIBRARIES OF PAPYRUS of which
Alexandria libraries in Egypt were the examples. These libraries invariably
were connected with temples, for these institutions were the centers of the
whole life of the whole communities.
Moreover, it is widely believed that the private and institutional
libraries are traceable to Egypt and Greece respectively, and the emergence of
public libraries started in Rome. Libraries studies was given a boost by Julius
Caesar during the first century of the Roman especially with his conferment of the Franchise privilege
on all foreign teachers of liberal education residing in Rome. However, it was
Augustus, who succeeded Caesar that gave a greater impact to scholarship
development. He founded the first public libraries in Rome (69 – 70 AD). He
established a library in the temple of peace, which formed the nucleus of a
school of higher learning at a later time.
The history of library development in Nigeria is of recent
vintage. In fact, the earliest library in Nigeria was Tom Jones Library, which
was established in 1910. That was the first public subscription library in
Nigeria. The beginning of academic library was marked in Nigeria with the
founding of Yaba Higher College in 1948. Later on the British council took over
the library sense with the foundation of the first municipal council library in
Lagos, and established British council libraries in various parts of the
country.
Unfortunately, these became a great loss of library stock after
the Nigerian Civil War, and the federal government then took it as part of its
rehabilitation effort in promulgating the National Library’s decree of 1970,
which provided for the branches to be set up in every state of the federation.
Hence repealing the former National Library Act 1964. Within the first decade
of its existence, the National Library has succeeded in stock over 75000
volumes, 2000 period leads, 150 Newspapers and became a depository for the
United Nations Organization (UNO) and its agencies.
With the increase in establishment of universities all over the
country, the government of Nigeria also sees the essence of providing library
in every institution of learning. Now, Nigeria can boast of libraries in all
the higher institutions of learning, almost all the academic establishments and
even private and public establishments. There are also National and state
libraries throughout the states of federation. But all these libraries have one
problem in common; the backwardness in the automated library world.
1.3 STATEMENT OF
PROBLEM
In human endeavors, there
are a lot of developments, researches, and discoveries, which result in
multifarious production of publications and library materials. These have
brought increase in complexity of library system and its operations.
Based on these, a number of problems
are facing the library systems, which include:
(i)
Unnecessary
delay in library processes.
(ii)
High
cost of staff recruitment and maintenance.
(iii)
Error
prone operations/processes.
(iv)
Inefficiency
in library operation.
(v)
Too
many paper work and replication of data on multiple pieces of paper.
(vi)
Unreliable
card catalogue system.
(vii)
Mutilation
of books by students i.e. students tear/hide books.
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE
STUDY
There
is hardly any aspect of human endeavor that is today not being assisted by
computerization. The objective of this project: Design and Implementation of Digital
Library Services System with a reference to Caritas University Library. The
application program developed in this research essentially monitors and keep
records of the individual book movement together with the operations going on
in various sections of the library particularly concerned with book control.
These operations include book lending, returning of the borrowed books,
reservation of books, acquisition processes, registration of users and other
related activities in Library management system.
In
this study therefore, the researchers hope to accomplish the following
objectives:
·
To
design a better way of avoiding loss of books in the library.
·
To
solve the problem of delay in locating books.
·
Assist
the Liberian to carry out library operations more effectively.
·
Eliminate
manual operations in the library.
·
To
achieve high efficiency in the library services.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
This
project looks into the processes involved in keeping tracks of the books in the
library system. The researchers concentrated on the operations going on in the
Acquisition, cataloging and most especially, circulation sections in the
library.
1.7
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study will not look
in detail into other sections of the library except the only three sections
aforementioned. The intuitive works like reading of a book before
classification and technical work like ownership stamping conveyance of books
etc, this section is not part of this study.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study gave birth to a new system Digital
Library Services System) designed to bring efficiency in the library system
operations. It will eliminate some of the problems associated with the old
(manual) system of library management, which include cost of equipment and
staff maintenance and also allow institutions to manage the affairs of
libraries easily.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
DESIGN: It is a detail plan or arrangement to achieve a particular purpose.
A SYSTEM: It is an assemblage of interrelated elements, which we find interesting
to study. It could be a process, a machine or a program.
A PROGRAM: It is a set of instructions and procedures that tells the
computer what to do.
AN APPLICATION: A program designed to perform particular tasks.
THE RESEARCHERS: This refers to the developers of the system in study (i.e.
Richard).
THE USER: The user here refers to the library staff or the people who make use of
the library. It also refers to the person who uses the program (e.g. library
staff).
AUTOMATION/COMPUTERIZATION: It is a process of making a system to carry out its
processes on its own. That without much helps from man.
MODULE: An independent unit that is part of a larger development. It is the same
thing as sub-tasks.
VISUAL LIBRARY SYSTEM: It is an application or program designed by researchers to
manage library operations. It is a program designed with a visual programming
language in which the user will make use of a mouse in operating. It is event
driven and objects appear in their visual forms to the user.
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