ABSTRACT
Prisoners’
management in Nigeria has long been a neglected area and has only recently been
included in the 20-20 vision document under the e-governance. Currently,
prisoner’s records are maintained in a very rudimentary way in the form of
manual files and registers. This method of data management often results in
human error, delay to retrieve information etc. Thus, An Online Prison
Management System was designed and implemented to manage prisoner’s records for
the Nigerian prison service Enugu command. This project was done using basic
html for visible web contents, php for server scripting and MySQL database was
used to store and manage the prisoner’s records. Tools used to achieve this
Project includes Dreamweaver CS5 html editor,CSS3 for styling, JavaScript, php
wamp5 server and MySQL. The project was implemented successfully and the result
obtained provides a single management system which integrates all the
information about a prisoner in a single profile and can easily be accessed
which improved the overall efficiency of prison management.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Certification………………………………………………………………………………….I
Dedication………………………………………………………………………………………Ii
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………………….Iii
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………….Iv
Table of content…………………………………………………………………………..v
List of Figures………………………………………………………………………………..VI
List of Tables………………………………………………………………………………….VII
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY…………………………….. 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM…………………………………. 2
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY………………………………………………………… 3
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY……………………………. 3
1.5 SCOPE OF THE
STUDY………………………………………………………………4
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE
STUDY……………………………………………………4
1.7 PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
……………………… 5
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS……………………………………………………………. 5
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM………………………………………… 6
2.2 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)………………………… 11
2.3 REVIEW OF PRISON MANAGEMENT SYSTEM …………………………. 16
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
3.1 GENERAL ANALYSIS OF THE
EXISTING SYSTEM……………………… 26
3.2 METHOD OF DATA
COLLECTION……………………………………………. 26
3.3 LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING SYSTEM……………………………………… 27
3.4 PROPOSED SYSTEM…………………………………………………………….. 27
3.5 ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED
SYSTEM…………………………………. 27
3.6 INPUT
ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………….. 28
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 OBJECTIVE OF
DESIGN…………………………………………………………… 29
4.2 INPUT SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN……………………………………… 30
4.3 OUTPUT SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN……………………………………… 31
4.4 MAIN MENU DESIGN……………………………………………………………… 32
4.5 DATABASE FILE DESIGN
………………………………………………………… 33
4.6 PROGRAM MODULES SPECIFICATION…………………………… 34
4.7 SYSTEM FLOWCHARTS…………………………………………………………… 35
4.8 PROGRAM
FLOWCHART………………………………………………………… 36
4.9 CHOICE OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
……………………………… 37
4.10 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT………………………………………………………… 37
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………… 43
5.2 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………….
… 44
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………………………………… 45
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………. 47
APPENDIX A (SOURCE CODE)……………………………………………………… 48
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Management of prisons in Nigeria has long been a neglected
area which has recently been incorporated in the e-governance program of
Government of Nigeria. Currently a rudimentary process of storing all the
prisoner data in manual files and registers is in place. The Prison Management
System project will integrate all the prisoner data into a single integrated
system which will in turn result all the information being present in a digital
format.
ICT in prisons was initiated in the year 2002 at Delhi
Prisons, Tihar. The Tihar Prisons Complex in New Delhi is the biggest prison
complex in Asia comprising of 9 prisons and one District Jail at Rohini with a
total strength of more than 11,000 prisoners against a normal sanctioned
capacity of 6250 prisoners. In a year about 70,000 - 80,000 inmates remain
lodged in these prisons for different duration and crimes committed by them.
This prison population has about 80% under trials and includes about 480 women
inmates. About 400 inmates are foreigners from different parts of the world.
Many high security criminals also live here. There has been a substantial
increase in number of prison inmates coming to Tihar because of a phenomenal
increase in the crime scene at Delhi that has resulted in the increase of the
ICT needs and its management at the Tihar Jail Complex.
Nearly 1700-1800 visitors meet their relative inmates’
everyday. There was manual system of booking (meetings) in each jail for its
respective inmates. Centralised visitor record was not available. There was
lack of exchange of visitors’ information within jails and prison headquarters.
No provision for identification / detection / verification of visitors was
there.
Managing the prisoner record and monitoring of prisoner /
visitor was always difficult since most of the records were normally maintained
manually, so the concerned authorities were required to go through all the
registers to find out the details and status of the inmate as well as of the
visitor.
In order to cope up with the increasing number of prisoners
being lodged in, the Tihar Administration required a re-engineering and
rationalization of their key business processes and functions of prisoners’
related information and their computerization in order to speed up the
processing of information need of courts and various other national agencies.
As the technology evolution is taking place, there arose a
need for centralization of prisoner’s data to facilitate information exchange and data sharing to the users of the
prison. It shall reduce administrative overheads, speed up responsiveness to
users, reduce risks involved in inmate’s custody, eliminated obsolete processes
and reap costcutting benefits.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Management of prison’s in
Nigeria is still at a nascent stage and follows rudimentary processes. Most of
the prisons in Nigeria have a collection of manual files and registers to store
prisoner/criminal records. This is a very inefficient and cumbersome way of
storing records which greatly impedes the flow of critical information as well
as makes looking up of information time consuming. Also, different files and
registers are required to store the information which is relevant to a single
prisoner. This hinders the profiling process of prisoners.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main purpose behind the
implementation of the Prison Management System (PMS) was to enhance the
administrative capabilities of the jails in terms of monitoring and security of
the prison while improving the efficiency and productivity of the Prisons.
The main goals of the project are enunciated below:
•
To ensure proper monitoring of the prisons by
the top officials
•
To ensure that the discipline and decorum of the
jails is maintained by both the employees and the prisoners
•
To ensure that no impersonation of the prisoners
happens by proper validation and authentication of the prisoner’s identity
•
To improve the productivity and efficiency of
the prisons so as to facilitate the usage of the available work force for
sensitive work while leveraging technology to reduce the mundane workload of
the employees
•
To ensure the availability of data in digital
form for preservation, analysis and reporting.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
The nature of project is such that outcome of project could
be quantitatively measured only for few parameters such as
• Automatic
detection of duplication
•
Immediate generation of report on categorization
of prisoners on basis of their cases, period of confinement etc.
•
Automatic calculation of Remission to be granted
to a convict prisoner for good behavior, discipline etc.
•
Reduction in the cost (Saving of resources) of
physical production of prisoners in Courts.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The basic purpose of this project is to develop an online
system for prison management. The system developed covers prisoner’s
information such as picture, conviction, offence, visitors, address, jail term
record etc.
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT
Generally, a study of this nature would have some
constraints such as time, money and data collection method. I wish to say that data collection method
used has the limitation of rigidity (people finding it difficult to respond to
questions) thereby restricting the information obtained.
Also lack of finance is another obstacle that hindered a
wider consultations and research on the project. Some materials may have some
cost implications which may be above the budgeted money for the research work.
1.7
PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
The project
is organized as follows;-
Chapter one introduces the
background of the project with the statement of the problems, objectives of the
project, its significance, scope, and constraints are pointed out. Previous
literatures on prison management information system were reviewed in Chapter
two. Chapter three discusses system
Investigation and Analysis. It deals with detailed investigation and analysis
of the existing system and problem identification. It also proposed for the new
system. Chapter four covers the system design and implementation. Chapter
five was the summary and conclusion of the project.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Data- This can be defined as
facts about the organization and its business transaction.
Information- This can be defined as data that has been transformed and
organized by processing and purposeful intelligence.
Information system- This is an
arrangement of people, data, processes and interface that interact to support
and improve day to day operation in a business as well as support the problem
solving and decision making needs for management and users.
Management: It is the
co-ordination of all the resources of an organization through the process of
planning, organization, directing and controlling in order to attain
organizational objectives.
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