TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page
Approval
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Figures
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
of the Study - - - - - - - 13
1.2 Statement of the Problem - - - - - - - 15
1.3 Objectives of
the Study - - - - - - - 15
1.4 Significance of the Study - - - - - - 16
1.5 Scope of the project - - - - - - - 16
1.6 Limitation of the study - - - - - - -- 16
1.7 Definition of terns/variables - - - - - - 17
CHAPTER TWO:
LITERATURE REVIEWS
2.1 Overview of Expert System - - - - - - 18
2.2 Prominent expert systems and languages - - - - 19
2.3 The study of expert systems - - - - - - 20
2.3.1 Knowledge representation - - - - - - 20
2.3.2 Knowledge engineer - - - - - -- - 20
2.4. End user - - - - - - - - - 21
2.4.1 Explanation system - - - - - - - 22
2.5 Expert
systems versus problem-solving systems - - - 24
2.6
Individuals involved with expert systems - - - - 25
2.7 Application
of expert systems - - - - - - 26
2.8
Advantages and disadvantages - - - - - - 29
2.9
Types of problems solved by expert systems - - - 29
CHAPTER THREE: ANALYSIS
OF EXISTING SYSTEM
AND NEW 3.1Systems Design - - - - - - - - - 31
3.2 Fact finding method - - - - - - - - 31
3.3 objective of a new system - - - - - - - 32
3.4 Input analysis of existing system- - - - - - 32
3.5 Output analysis
of existing system- - - - - - 33
3.6 Information flow
diagram - - - - - - 35
3.7 Problem
of existing system - - - - - - 36
3.8 Justification of a new system - - - - - - 36
CHAPTER FOUR:
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING OF A NEW SYSTEM
4.1 System design - - - - - - - - 37
4.1.1 User Interface design - - - - - - - 37
4.1.2 Database design - - - - - - - - 38
4.2
Language
choice - - - - - - - - 43
4.3 Choice of the
environment - - - - - - 43
4.4 Implementation - - - - - - - - 43
4.4.1 Main
system implementation - - - - - - 43
4.4.2 Data implementation - - - - - - - 44
4.5 Software
testing - - - - - - - - 45
4.5.1 Testing
plan - - - - - - - - - 45
4.5.2 System
testing - - - - - - - - 45
4.5.3 Main
system driver testing - - - - - - 45
4.5.4 Database
Testing - - - - - - - - 45
4.6 Cost
Analysis/Evaluation - - - - - - - 46
CHAPTER FIVE:
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary
of achievement - - - - - - 47
5.2 Problems
encountered solutions - - - - - 47
5.3 Recommendations - - - - - - - - 47
5.4 Suggestions
for further improvement - - - - - 48
5.5 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - 48
BIBLOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
Appendix A: System Source Code
Appendix B: Typical Input Forms with Data
Appendix C: Typical Report
Appendix D: System User’s Guide
LIST OF
FIGURES
FIG TITLE PAGE
Fig 3.1 Sample
medical examination form 33
Fig 3.2 Sample
of medical lab report 34
Fig 3.3 Information
Flow diagram 35
Fig 4.1 Diagnosis
form 38
Fig 4.2 Database
flow chart 40
Fig 4.3 Program
flow chart 41
Fig 4.4 Program
control flowchart 42
Fig 4.5 Main
system implementation window 43
Fig 4.6 Table
implementation 44
ABSTRACT
This project, Expert
system on Malaria and Typhoid Diagnosis, is a software system tailored for use
in the diagnosis of malaria and typhoid diseases. The software is an expert system with a
database containing an expert knowledge.
The user only uses it to determine whether he or she has any of the
diseases within its domain. The software
has been designed to be interactive with audio capability eliciting from the
user if they have symptoms of the diseases. The user response helps the expert
system to determine the level at which the disease is present. The user is further advised on what next to
do. This software is implemented in
visual basic programming environment, Health care facility should be accessible
by all at all time. But some of the
people that should access these facilities are far removed from these
facilities. It would be of great necessity to provide a computerized system
that will provide a complementary medical service, such as medical disease
diagnosis in places where accessibility is a problem as well as health care
facilities where qualified experts are lacking, hence this topic, Expert System
on Malaria and typhoid fever Diagnose.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
An expert system
is a software
system that attempts to reproduce the performance of one or more
human experts, most commonly in a specific problem domain, and is a traditional
application and/or subfield of artificial intelligence. A wide
variety of methods can be used to simulate the performance of the expert
however common to most or all are
1) The creation of a so-called "knowledgebase" which uses some knowled+`ge representation
formalism to capture the subject matter experts (SME) knowledge and
2) A process of gathering that knowledge from the SME and
codifying it according to the formalism, which is called knowledge engineering. Expert systems may
or may not have learning components but a third common element is that once the
system is developed it is proven by being placed in the same real world problem
solving situation as the human SME, typically as an aid to human workers or a
supplement to some information system.
As a premiere application of computing and artificial
intelligence, the topic of expert systems has many points of contact with
general systems
theory, operations research, business process reengineering
and various topics in applied mathematics and management science.
Two illustrations of actual expert systems can give an idea
of how they work. In one real world case at a chemical refinery a senior
employee was about to retire and the company was concerned that the loss of his
expertise in managing a fractionating tower would severely impact operations of
the plant. A knowledge engineer was assigned to produce an expert system
reproducing his expertise saving the company the loss of the valued knowledge
asset. Similarly a system called Mycin was
developed from the expertise of best diagnosticians of bacterial infections
whose performance was found to be as good as or better than the average
clinician. An early commercial success and illustration of another typical
application (a task generally considered overly complex for a human) was an
expert system fielded by DEC in the 1980s to
quality check the configurations of their computers prior to delivery. The
eighties were the time of greatest popularity of expert systems and interest
lagged after the onset of the AI Winter.
In like manner, developing one of such system to represent
the repository of the knowledge of a medical doctor is as essential as any
other expert system. To this end, this
project, Expert System on the Diagnosis of non communicable diseases is a
necessity.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Health care facility should be accessible by all at all
times. But some of the people that
should access these facilities are far removed from these facilities. More so, in the few available facilities,
qualified medical personnel are always key issues that need urgent
redress.
In view of the foregoing, it would be of great necessity to
provide a computerized system that will provide a complementary medical
service, such as medical disease diagnosis in places where accessibility is a
problem as well as health care facilities where qualified experts are lacking,
hence this topic, Expert System on Malaria and typhoid fever Diagnosis.
1.3
Objectives of the Study
The major objective of this work is to develop an
expert system on diagnosis of non communicable diseases. It also targets towards contributing to
academic research work.
It is also to ascertain whether the diseases could be
diagnosed based on signs and symptoms.
It will also examine a patient based on simple
clinical signs, and to improve family and community health
1.4
Significance of the Study
If this prototype is fully developed will be very
useful in many areas such as:
a.
It
will help to retain the skill of an expert medical doctor in case of any
eventuality;
b.
It can support academic development;
c.
It
can be useful in many hospitals, both private and government, cases where the
expert is not on seat;
d.
It
can also be used in the laboratory for quick research work.
1.5
Scope of the Project
The scope of this work will include the following
1.
A
dynamic database system that can act as a knowledge based system
2.
A
complete model of an expert system to portray sample troubleshooter
3.
Explore
the power of visual basic in data handling
4.
To
implement a dynamic search system
1.6
Limitations of the Study
The major constraint faced during the implementation
of this work was finance. This is among
other frustrations such as program failures during modular construction
stages. Time was another important
factor that limited the extent to which I want to research.
1.7 Definition of Terms/Variables
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Diagnose: The identifying of
an illness or disorder in a patient through physical examination, medical
tests, or other procedures
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Medical: Relating to medicine, physical
examination to determine health: a physical examination by a
doctor to check
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Malaria: An infectious disease caused by a
parasite that is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Common in
tropical countries, the disease is characterized by recurring chills and
fever.
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Typhoid: A disease condition or a serious fatal bacterial infection of the digestive
system, caused by ingesting food or water contaminated with the bacillus
Salmonella typhoid.
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Communicable:
A
communicable disease that can be passed from one person | |
| Expert: somebody with a great deal of knowledge, skill,
training, or experience in a particular field or activity
a medical expert
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Knowledge-based: Information
system that store wealth of ones knowledge
Symptoms:
Signs of an ill health
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