ABSTRACT
Shorthand
as a subject is a problem to many office technology students widely known. Many
candidates do fall shorthand examination at various levels is also
indisputable. But still it is realized that shorthand is an indispensable
course in the area of Office Technology. To become an efficient secretary and
not a typist, one must pass through the learning stages of shorthand as a course.
This project work will be carried out on Causes
of failure in Shorthand on Office Technology Students. Various methods
of gathering data will be used to arrive at acceptable findings that will
present a fair representation of opinion.The population based on two hundred
and sixty four (264) National; Diplomal (ND),Office Technology andmanagement
student, Federal polytechnic Ede. For the purpose of collecting
information.Variouse literatufres review were use consulted, also a well
structured quetionnnaire was designed and administrated on the subject. Three
research questionswere used and they are as follow Are the relevant book
available for learning shorthand sufficient? (b)What are the natura problem of
shorthand? (c) Are the teachers, student contributing in any way to this high
rate of failure? The use of sample means method of analyze the three research
questions provided the empirical basis n the discussion and presentation of the
data
TABLE
OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract vi
Table of Content vi
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0
Introduction
1
1.1 Background
of study 1
1.2 Statement
of the Problem 2
1.3 Purpose
of the study 3
1.4 Significance
of the Study 3
1.5 Scope
of the Study 3
1.6 Research
Questions 3
1.7 Limitations
of study 3
CHAPTER
TWO
2.0
Review
of related literature 4
2.1 What
is Shorthand 4
2.2 Historical
perspective of shorthand 4
2.3 Cause
of failure in shorthand 5
2.4 Important
of secretary in modern day office 10
CHAPTER
THREE
3.0
Research
Methodology 11
3.1 Introduction 11
3.2 Population
of study 11
3.3 Sample
and sampling techniques 11
3.4
The research instrument used 11
3.5 Administration
of the research instrument 11
3.6 Method
of data analysis 11
CHAPTER
FOUR
4.0
Presentation
and analysis of data 12
4.1 Introduction 12
4.2 Research
questions 13
CHAPTER
FIVE
5.0
Summary
of findings, Conclusion, and Recommendations 18
5.1 Summary
of findings 18
5.2 Summary 19
5.3 Summary of interview had with some students 19
5.4 Conclusion 20
5.5 Recommendation 20
Reference
23
Appendix 24
CHAPTER
ONE
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
1.1 Introduction
In any organization, be it private or
public, there is usually need for a secretary that is competent. A secretary is
an assistant to executive who possess a mastery of office skills and ability to assume responsibility
without being directly supervised.
There are many responsibility expected
of a good secretary but all there can not be effectively carried out without
undergoing a very good and sound training in an higher institution of learning.
Some of the courses secretarial
students usually undergo are: shorthand (100 WPM for ND and 120 WPM for HND),
Typewriting (50 WPM for ND 60 WPM for HND) secretarial studies, office
practice, word processing, English language, Economics, Citizenship Education
etc of all these subjects, secretarial studies students always for shorthand
and find the subject very difficult. They see it as a dog in the wheel of their
progress.
Shorthand is a system of fast writing
and recording information using a set of well-known abbreviation. It is an
organized system of writing outlines as short as possible for the intention of achieving
fast, accurate and vibration recording of information such as correspondence,
reprint, transcribing and such things into readable language (usually English
language).
According to Canning (1981), shorthand
is “wholly symbolic and very largely phonetic form writing”
Shorthand, it seems safe to assumes,
must have existed in one form or the other since the first learnt to write in
any case, there is evidence to show that shorthand existed in the days of
socratis.
According to Russon (1968), most
historians date the beginning of shorthand to zenophon who used and ancient
Greek system to write the memoirs of scrates. It was discovered that Marcus
Tullus (born 103 BC) who was Cicero’s
secretary invested the first Latin shorthand system, know as Tiro Tironance. Two
put together the first shorthand dictionary. That age produced many shorthand
writers. Among these were Julius Caesour, who used shorthand to write an
account of his military complexness, emperor Augustus Caesar and Emperor Titus.
After that, many systems of shorthand
arose all over the world. Some of them are Gregg system of shorthand, which was
in 1887 by Mr. John Robert and Pitman system (otherwise known as phonograph),
it was published in 1887 by sir Isaac Pitman. Gregg system has been out dated
and even in many institutions, only Pitman shorthand New Era is being taught in
many institution of learning.
Pitman shorthand was developed after
the most excruciating study of English phonetics. Thus, the pitman system is a
rapid way of writing the English language by other means. The system has been
tested for so long and by so many expert writers and teachers of wide diversity
of natural attitude and has won so high a reputation on the testing of time.
Not only that, it remains the source of live hood for a source of inspiration
to others in various sphere of life.
Through Isaac Pitman died in 1897 but his
system of shorthand has gained world wide recognition because of the sound
principles of the system and the spread of English language as a result of vast
colonial empire of the British Government.
1.2 Statement of Problem
The essence for this study came to
being principally to work out the effect of failure in shorthand on student.
Therefore, the problems to be investigated are the degree of students attitude
towards learning shorthand and systems the shorthand lecturers should adopt for
lecturing.
1.
Lack
of good command of English language make students fail shorthand.
2.
Students
do not practice shorthand on their own, lack of encouragement.
3.
Shorthand
student see shorthand as a difficult subject and uninterested.
4.
Students
dislike the idea of giving the highest credit unit to shorthand because failing
of it makes them dullards.
5.
The
material used for shorthand in classroom is not enough such as space, chair and
table.
1.3 Purpose of Study
The main is purpose of this study is
to find out.
1.
To
suggests possible solution or remedies to the problem
2.
The
effects of mass failure in shorthand on students.
3.
To
discover the contributing factor to large number of this failure.
1.4 Significance of Study
In essence, the investigation will definitely
help the students in secretarial studies department to improve in shorthand.
The consequence of this study will also make the subject easier and interesting
among those students who is at opinion that subject is very tough.
This study will guide the student to
acquire the skills in learning shorthand.
1.5 Delimitation or Scope of Study
This study is de-limited to the effect
of mass failure in shorthand in secretarial studies student with a case study
of students of the Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State.
1.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
a. Are the relevant books available for
the learning of shorthand and sufficient?
b. What are the natural problems of
shorthand.
c. Are the teachers, students contributing
in any way to this high rate of failure?
1.7 LIMITATION OF STUDY
The limited area of this study was
that it is very difficult to visit all the students involved in learning of
shorthand due to lack of time.
Other difficulties include of few
available students and inability to see any previous study on effect of failure
in shorthand on Office Technology and Management students.
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